FOM 2 > Superficial features > Flashcards

Superficial features Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q

Name the bone that forms the forehead/upper orbit margin.

A

Frontal bone

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2
Q

Name the bones forming the sides and roof of the cranium.

A

Parietal bone

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3
Q

Name the bones forming the temple/side of the skull.

A

Temporal bone

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4
Q

Which bones form the cheek prominence?

A

Zygomatic bone

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5
Q

Which bone forms the upper jaw?

A

Maxilla

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6
Q

Which bone forms the lower jaw?

A

Mandible

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7
Q

What is the opening on the maxilla below the orbit?

A

Infraorbital foramen

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8
Q

What structure passes through the Supraorbital foramen/notch?

A

Supraorbital nerve, artery, and vein

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9
Q

What structure passes through the Infraorbital foramen?

A

Infraorbital nerve, artery, and vein

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10
Q

What structure passes through the Mental foramen?

A

Mental nerve, artery, and vein

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11
Q

Name the two cartilages associated with the nose structure.

A

Septal cartilage and Lateral cartilage

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12
Q

What is the medical term for the ear canal?

A

External acoustic meatus

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13
Q

What is the space between the eyelids?

A

Palpebral fissure

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14
Q

What is the visible opening of the nostril?

A

Naris

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15
Q

What is the opening of the mouth?

A

Oral fissure

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16
Q

What is the fold that runs from the nose to the corner of the mouth?

A

Nasolabial fold

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17
Q

What is the vertical groove between the nose and upper lip?

A

Philtrum

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18
Q

What is the junction between the skin and the red part of the lip?

A

Vermilion border

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19
Q

What are the corners of the mouth called?

A

Oral Commissures

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20
Q

What is the first layer of the scalp (S)?

A

Skin

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21
Q

What is the second layer of the scalp (C)?

A

Connective tissue (dense)

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22
Q

What is the third layer of the scalp (A)?

A

Aponeurosis layer (Epicranial aponeurosis/galea aponeurotica)

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23
Q

What is the fourth layer of the scalp (L)?

A

Loose areolar connective tissue

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24
Q

What is the fifth layer of the scalp (P)?

A

Pericranium (periosteum)

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25
Which layer of the scalp is known as the danger area?
The Loose areolar connective tissue (L)
26
What makes the loose areolar layer the danger area?
It is a pathway for blood, pus, and infection
27
What connects the veins in the scalp to the venous sinuses inside the skull?
Emissary veins (Emissary v.)
28
What is the innervation for all muscles of facial expression?
Facial Nerve (CN VII)
29
What is the fibrous intersection near the corner of the mouth called?
Modiolus
30
Name the three muscles that move the auricle (ear).
Auricularis anterior, superior, and posterior muscles
31
The main arterial supply to the superficial face and head comes from branches of which artery?
External Carotid Artery (ECA)
32
Name the two terminal branches of the External Carotid Artery (ECA).
Superficial Temporal Artery and Maxillary Artery
33
The Ophthalmic artery is a branch of which major artery?
Internal Carotid Artery (ICA)
34
Name three branches of the Ophthalmic artery.
Supraorbital a., Supratrochlear a., Dorsal Nasal a.
35
Name a major vein draining the face that typically joins the Internal Jugular Vein.
Facial Vein (via Common facial vein)
36
The Superficial Temporal vein and Maxillary vein drain into which vein?
Retromandibular vein
37
The External Jugular Vein is formed by the Posterior Auricular Vein and which other vein?
Posterior division of the Retromandibular vein
38
What is the clinical significance of the Danger Triangle of the Face?
It represents a connection between superficial and deep venous networks
39
What is the typical path of the Facial vein?
Joins the anterior division of the retromandibular vein to form the Common Facial Vein
40
What are the three cranial nerves most relevant to the superficial head?
CN V, VII, and IX
41
What is the main function of the Trigeminal Nerve (CN V) in this region?
Somatic sensory to the face and scalp
42
Name five sensory branches of the Trigeminal Nerve (V1, V2, V3) in the face.
Supraorbital n., Supratrochlear n., Infraorbital n., Mental n., Auriculotemporal n.
43
The branches of the Facial Nerve (CN VII) form a plexus near which gland?
Parotid gland (Parotid plexus)
44
Name the five terminal branches of the Facial Nerve (CN VII).
Temporal, Zygomatic, Buccal, Marginal Mandibular, Cervical
45
What is the Afferent (sensory) limb of the Corneal Reflex?
Trigeminal Nerve (V1 - ophthalmic div.)
46
What is the Efferent (motor) limb of the Corneal Reflex?
Facial Nerve (VII - temporal, zygomatic branches to Orbicularis oculi)
47
What is the clinical syndrome caused by injury to the Facial Nerve (CN VII)?
Bell's palsy
48
Name the symptoms of Bell's palsy.
Muscle weakness on one side of face, unable to smile, unable to blink, unable to raise eyebrow
49
Which nerve (from V3) provides sensation to the external ear?
Auriculotemporal nerve
50
Which two nerves (from the cervical plexus) provide sensation to the external ear?
Lesser occipital nerve (C2) and Great auricular nerve (C2,C3)
51
The Lateral/External surface of the tympanic membrane is innervated by which three nerves?
Vagus (X), Facial (VII), and Mandibular (V3) nerves
52
The Parotid duct connects with the oral cavity by piercing which two structures?
Fat pad and Buccinator muscle
53
What nerve carries the postganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the Parotid gland?
Auriculotemporal nerve (from CN V3​)
54
The postganglionic parasympathetic fibers for the Parotid gland originate from which ganglion?
Otic ganglion
55
The preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the Otic ganglion come from which nerve?
Glossopharyngeal Nerve (CN IX) (via Lesser petrosal nerve)
56
What is the term for the inflammation/swelling of the parotid gland?
Parotitis
57
Name a common cause of viral Parotitis.
Mumps
58
Name a common cause of bacterial Parotitis.
Staphylococcus aureus
59
What is the medical term for a salivary stone?
Sialolith
60
Name two groups of Superficial Lymph Nodes in the head.
Occipital and Mastoid
FOM 2
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