TAPP 2 Flashcards by Candice Mae Pableo

What are the primary colors?

RED, YELLOW, BLUE

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These are true color pigments which cannot be created by mixing any other combination of colors and all other colors in the color wheel are derived from these three hues.

PRIMARY COLOR

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Colors that are created by mixing two primary colors together

SECONDARY COLORS

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What are the secondary colors?

VIOLET, ORANGE, AND GREEN

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Colors formed by mixing a primary and a secondary color

TERTIARY COLORS

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What are tertiary colors?

BLUE-VIOLET, RED-VIOLET,
RED-ORANGE, YELLOW-ORANGE,
YELLOW-GREEN, BLUE-GREEN

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Refers to the warmth or coolness of a color

COLOR TEMPERATURE

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These colors bring to mind warmth, coziness, and energy

WARM COLORS

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What are the warm colors?

FROM RED THROUGH TO YELLOW

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These colors associated with serenity, coolness, and isolation

COOL COLORS

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What are the cool colors?

FROM BLUE TO GREEN AND PURPLE

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These are colors that tend to “advance” in a space and makes the room feel smaller

WARM COLORS

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These are colors that tend to “recede” in a space and make the room feel larger

COOL COLORS

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the intensity or purity of the color.

The higher = rich & full
The lower = dull & pale

SATURATION / CHROMA

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Lightness or darkness of a color

LUMINANCE/VALUE

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Basically, any color on the color wheel a.ka. pure color

HUE

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created by adding white to a base hue, lightening the color, making color less intense

Hue + white

TINT

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created by combining black & white - or grey - with a base hue, making subtle versions of the original color

Hue + grey

TONE

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two colors that are directly across from one another on the color wheel, pairings are usually high contrast and bold,

COMPLEMENTARY COLORS

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consists of three neighboring colors on the color wheel, their proximity with each other makes them harmonious and subtle

ANALOGOUS COLORS

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consists of three colors: one primary and then two colors adjacent to its complement, works best with one color acting as the dominant color and the other two used as accent colors to avoid looking too busy

SPLIT-COMPLEMENTARY

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consists of three colors that are equally spaced apart on the color wheel in a triangular shape, bolder than analogous colors and creates wonderful contrast and vibrant looks

TRIADIC COLORS

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Rectangular color scheme featuring four colors spaced apart in a rectangular shape

TETRADIC COLORS

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consisting of four colors equidistant apart from one another, this scheme is bold, vibrant, and well-balanced

SQUARE COLORS

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consists of all varieties of a single hue - the tints, shades, and tones, ranging between lighter and darker versions of the base color or hue

MONOCHROMATIC COLORS

created by adding black to a base hue, darkening the color, creating deeper and richer color, can be quite dramatic and overpowering Hue + black

SHADE

What color is the most vibrant, compelling color in the spectrum, expressing excitement, speed, passion, power, joy, and danger. It attracts immediate attention and brings objects or images to foreground. It can induce a feeling of warmth and coziness often used on buildings where show business is the aim. It is the strongest among warm colors therefore can change a space into looking compact and stimulating.

RED

A stimulating, energizing color that appears friendly, outgoing, cheerful, and adventurous. It has the energy of the red and the happy, friendly qualities of yellow and is best used in areas which are not meant to relax in stimulating color, warm, dominating, intense, and vivacious. Has high visibility, making it ideal for warning signals ang grabbing attention, even when used in small amounts

ORANGE

Psychologically the happiest color in the spectrum, assocuated with warmth, optimism, and joy. Bright hues of this color can form interesting focal points in an interior scheme. It is the color of confidence and optimism

YELLOW

The most relaxing and calming color in the spectrum. It is the color of nature, rest, full, refreshing, and verdant. Have great healing powers. Lighter tints of this color can produce impressions of spaciousness while darker tones are associated with balance and growth

GREEN

This color is often viewed as a non-threatening color that can seem conservative and traditional. It calls to mind feelings of calmness or serenity and often described as peaceful, tranquil, secure, and orderly. It is often seen as a sign of stability and realiability

BLUE

This color combines the calm stability of blue and the fierce energy of red. Often associated with royalty, nobility, luxury, power, and ambition. It uplift spirits and calm the mind and nerves

PURPLE

This color symbolizes purity, innocence, goodness, and truth. It is clean, hygienic, and sterile. Althoug it is a neutral color, it is considered as a cool color because of its association with snow and ice. Offers sense of reconciliation and creates soothing environment. It contains an equal balance of all the colors of the spectrum, representing both the negative and positive aspects of all the colors.

WHITE

Represents neutrality and balance likely came from being the shade between white and black. Its absence of color makes it dull. It is solid and stable, motionless and emotionless, creates a sense of calm and composure, relief from a chaotic world. It is subdued, quiet, reserved and does not stimulate, energize, rejuvenate, or excite.

GRAY

A sense of strength and reliability. It is often seen as solid much like the earth, and it's a color often associated with resilience, dependability, security, and safety. It is often described as natural, down-to-earth, and conventional, but also sophisticated

BROWN

the mixture of all colors totally absorbed. It creates an air of mystery. Creates protective barriers from external emotional stress. It means power and control, frightening, unfriendly, and unapproachable. It implies self-control and agitation, independence and a strong will, and giving an impression of authority and power. Too much of this color can cause abasements and mood swings and create an adverse environment

BLACK

Refers to any position in space. Can be a focal point, the center of a space, the end of a line, or the intersection of a line.

POINT

An extended point. A one dimensional path with a clear beginning and end. Creates a sense of direction in the space and to establish the edges or outline of an object in the space.

LINE

An enclosed, flat, two-dimension formed by lines. Having a width and length from the length of the lines that are formed together. Its importance is the area, it has more representation and emotion than que point and line.

PLANE

can be a solid mass or hollow mass, as long as it is a space enclosed by planes. It doesn't only have width and height, but it also has depth. It is formed by a series of lines that provide it with the width, height, and depth.

VOLUME

can be described as a reference to both the internal structure and external outline, often in the shape of a three-dimensional mass or volume.

FORM

The outline of a form

SHAPE

the dimensions of the form, proportions and scale

SIZE

This characteristic of the form will affect its visual weight

COLOR

This characteristic of the form will affect how light is reflected or absorbed

TEXTURE

Where the form is located in relation to its environment

POSITION

The position of the form in relation to the ground, compass points or the person viewing the form

ORIENTATION

The degree of concentration and stability of a form

VISUAL INERTIA

considered to be a form that is consistent and orderly. They are generally symmetrical about one or more axes. Can be changed by addition or subtraction of elements, but can still remain regular. Ex: sphere, cylinder, cone, and cube

REGULAR FORM

A form whose parts are dissimilar and generally inconsistent and asymmetrical.

IRREGULAR FORM

A grouping of forms where it relies in the close proximity of the forms or their sharing of a common visual trait, such as shape, color, or material.

SPATIAL TENSION

A grouping of forms where they share a common edge and can pivot about that edge.

EDGE-TO-EDGE CONTACT

A grouping of forms where they have corresponding coplanar surfaces which are parallel to each other.

FACE-TO-FACE CONTACT

A grouping of forms where they interpenetrate each other's space. They need not share any visual traits.

INTERLOCKING VOLUMES

A horizontal plane laying as a figure on a contrasting background defines a simple field of space.

BASE PLANE

A horizontal plane elevated above the ground plane establishes vertical surfaces along its edges that reinforce the visual separation between its field.

ELEVATED BASE PLANE

A horizontal plane depressed into the ground playing utilizes the vertical surfaces of the lowered area to define a volume of space

DEPRESSED BASE PLANE

A horizontal plane located overhead defines a volume of space between itself and the ground plane

OVERHEAD PLANE

A spatial relationship where a space may be contained within the volume of a larger space

SPACE WITHIN A SPACE

a spatial relationship where the field of a space may overlap the volume of another space

INTERLOCKING SPACE

A spatial relationship where two spaces may abut each other or share a common border

ADJACENT SPACE

A spatial relationship where two spaces may rely on an intermediary space for their relationship

SPACES LINKED BY A COMMON SPACE

A spatial organization where a central, dominant space about which a number of secondary spaces are grouped

CENTRALIZED ORGANIZATION

A spatial organization where it has a linear sequence of repetitive spaces

LINEAR ORGANIZATION

A spatial organization where there is a central space from which linear organizations of space extend in a radial manner

RADIAL ORGANIZATION

A spatial organization where spaces are grouped by proximity or the sharing of a common visual trait or relationship

CLUSTERED ORGANIZATION

A spatial organization where spaces are organized within the field of a structural grid or other three-dimensional framework

GRID ORGANIZATION

A line established by two points in space, about which forms and spaces can be arranged in a symmetrical or balanced manner

AXIS

The balance distribution on the arrangement of equivalent forms and spaces on opposite sides of a dividing line or plane, or about a center or axis

SYMMETRY

The articulation of the importance or significance of a form or space by its size, shape, or placement relative to the other forms and spaces of the organization

HIERARCHY

A unifying movement characterized by a patterned repetition or alternation of formal elements or motifs in the same or a modified form

RHYTHM

A line, plane, or volume that, by its continuity and regularity, serves to gather, measure, and organize a pattern of forms and spaces

DATUM

The principle that an architectural concept, structure, or organization can be altered through a series of discrete manipulations and permutations in response to a specific context or set of conditions without a loss of identity or concept

TRANSFORMATION

What is the distribution of energy emitted by a radiant source, arranged in order of wavelengths, esp. the band of colors produced when sunlight is refracted and dispersed by a prism, comprising red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet?

SPECTRUM

What is a phenomenon of light and visual perception that may be described in terms of an individual’s perception of hue, saturation, and lightness for objects, and hue, saturation, and brightness for light sources?

COLOR

A term designated to a color having high lightness and low saturation?

PALE

A term designated to a color having low lightness and low saturation, and reflecting only a small fraction of incident light

DARK

A term designated to a color having high lightness and strong saturation

BRILLIANT

A term designated to a color having low lightness and strong saturation

DEEP

What do you call the system for specifying colors arranged in three orderly scales of uniform visual steps according to hue, chroma, and value, developed in 1898 by Albert H. Munsell?

MUNSELL SYSTEM

Refers to the perceived color of an object, determined by the wavelengths of the light reflected from its surface after selective absorption of other wavelengths of the incident light

REFLECTED COLOR

Refers to a color produced by mixing cyan, yellow, and magenta pigments, each of which absorbs certain wavelengths. A balanced mixture of these colorants theoretically yields black since it absorbs all wavelengths of visible light

SUBTRACTIVE COLOR

Refers to the absorption of certain wavelengths of the light incident on a color surface, the remaining portion being reflected or transmitted

SELECTIVE ABSORPTION

What is a scale of achromatic colors having several, usually ten, equal gradiations ranging from white to black?

GRAY SCALE

what is the dimension of color by which an object appears to reflect more or less of the incident light, varying from black to white for surface colors and from black to colorless for transparent volume colors?

LIGHTNESS

what is the dimension of color that is correlated with luminance and by which visual stimuli are ordered continuously from very dim to very bright?

BRIGHTNESS

What is the degree by which a color appears to reflect more or less of the incident light, corresponding to lightness of the perceived color?

VALUE

Refer to the degree by which a color differs from a gray of the same lightness, or brightness, corresponding to saturation of the perceived color

CHROMA

What do you call a warm color that appears to move toward an observer, giving an illusion of space?

ADVANCING COLOR

What do you call a cool color that appears to move away from an observer, giving an illusion of space?

RECEDING COLOR

What is an arrangement or pattern of colors conceived of as forming an integrated whole?

COLOR SCHEME

Refers to having or exhibiting a variety of colors

POLYCHROMATIC

Refers to having no saturation and therefore no hue such as white, black, or gray

ACHROMATIC

what do you call the purest color?

HUE

Hue + white =?

TINT

Hue + Grey =?

TONE

Hue + black =?

SHADE

subtracting a portion from the volume of a form but can still retain its initial identity or be transformed into a form of another family

SUBTRACTIVE TRANSFORMATION

What is the primary identifying characteristic of a volume?

FORM

What transformation is done by altering one or more of its dimension and still retain its identity?

DIMENSIONAL TRANSFORMATION

What transformation is done by subtracting a portion of its volume?

SUBTRACTIVE TRANSFORMATION

What transformation is done by the addition of elements to its volume?

ADDITIVE TRANSFORMATION

Refers to the balance arrangement of similar or equivalent elements and opposite sides of a median axis so that only one plane can divide the whole into essentially identical halves

BILATERAL SYMMETRY

Refers to the balance arrangement of similar radiating elements such that the composition can be divided into similar halves by passing a plane at any angle around a center point or a long a central axis

RADIAL SYMMETRY

A mathematical system of proportion originating from the Pythagorean concept of "all is number" and the belief that certain numerical relationships manifest the harmonic structure of the universe

GOLDEN SECTION/GOLDEN NUMBER/GOLDEN PROPORTION/DIVINE PROPORTION/GOLDEN RATIO

What do you call a ratio between two numbers that equals approximately 1.618?

GOLDEN SECTION/GOLDEN NUMBER/GOLDEN PROPORTION/DIVINE PROPORTION/GOLDEN RATIO

A measurement evolving into anesthetic module that order the structure materials and space of Japanese architecture based on the standard size of a tatami floor mat

KEN

What is the standard measurement of a ken?

910mm x 1820mm

Reference to the measurement of the size and proportions of the human body

ANTHROPOMETRY

An attempt to give architecture a mathematical order oriented to a human scale proposed by Le Corbusier, as a system of measurements that could govern lengths, surfaces, and volumes, and "maintain the human scale everywhere"

MODULOR

Breakfast to how we perceive or judge the size of something in relation to something else

SCALE

The size are proportion of something relative to an accepted standard of measurement

MECHANICAL SCALE

The size or proportion an element appears to have relative to other elements of known or assumed size

VISUAL SCALE

Relative size of parts of a whole

PROPORTION

Relative size of one object to another

SCALE

The distribution of the visual weight of objects scholars texture and space

BALANCE

the way visual elements are arranged so that their visual weight harmonizes with the other elements in the design

BALANCE

The elements in a composition should appear to belong together it can be in a micro or macro scale

UNITY

A unifying element characterized by a patterned repetition or alteration of formal elements or motifs in the same or a modified form

RHYTHM

A difference between two or more elements in a composition, it is the absence of monotony

CONTRAST

Refers to all those visual aspects and physical features that comprise the appearance of a building

CHARACTER

TAPP 2 Flashcards

(121 cards)