UWorld_6.22

Question 1

Anticholinergic toxicity presentation

Answer 1

• hyperthermia
• mydriasis
• delirium (pupillary dilation)
• urinary retention
• dry mouth
• decreased bowel sounds

Question 2

TCA toxicity presentation

Answer 2

• CNS depression
• cardiac arrhythmias
• hypotension
• anticholinergic signs (flushing, hypertherm, mydr, urine retention)

Question 3

Caustic poisoning presentation

Answer 3

• no alteration in consciousness
• dysphagia, severe pain
• heavy salivation, mouth burns
• can lead to perforation of esophagus/stomach

Question 4

Fat embolism ==>

Answer 4

• dyspnea
• confusion
• petechiae @ upper body

Question 5

Management of TCA overdose

Answer 5

• O2/intubaion
• IV fluids
• activated charcoal @

Question 6

Most common causes of bacterial rhinosinusitis

Answer 6

• s. pneumo

- h. influenzae

Question 7

Characteristics of physiologic jaundice of newborn

Answer 7

• unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia 2/2:
  1. RBC turnover
  2. slow enzymes (hepatic UGT); esp. @ asian newborns
  3. enterohepatic recycling

Question 8

Pediatric murmur: holosystolic murmur @ lower left sternal border?

Answer 8

VSD

Question 9

COPD exacerbation manageent

Answer 9

• O2 +/- NPPV +/- intubation
• inhaled bronchodilators
• systemic glucocorticoids
• abx if >= 2 cardinal sx (azithromycin)
• oseltamivir if evidence of influenza

Question 10

Noncaseating vs. caseating granulomas

Answer 10

• caseating ==> TB

- noncaseating ==> sarcoid

Question 11

Dx of sarcoid

Answer 11

• hx: multisystem dz
• CXR w/hilar adenopathy w/ or w/out reticulonodular infiltrates
• noncaseating granulomas
• elevated ACE

Question 12

Tx of sarcoid

Answer 12

steriods

Question 13

Characteristics of Eaton-Lambert syndrome

Answer 13

• assoc. w/SCC

- autoantibodies @ voltage-gated calcium channels of presynaptic motor n. terminal ==> weakness

Question 14

Normal GFR

Answer 14

• 90 - 120 ml/min

- renal dz @

Question 15

Anticoagulation of choice in renal insufficiency

Answer 15

-unfractionated heparin > LMWH/rivaroxaban/fondaparinux

Question 16

MAOI + tyramine-rich foods ==> ?

Answer 16

hypertensive crisis

Question 17

Test to dx vasovagal syncope

Answer 17

• mainly clinical

- upright tilt table test

Question 18

Causes/tx of dysphagia/hoarseness in HIV

Answer 18

• Candida ==> white plaques; tx = fluconazole
• CMV ==> large linear ulcers; tx = ganciclovir
• HSV ==> vesicles/round uclers; tx = acyclovir
• aphthous ulcers

Question 19

Exudative pleural fluid (Light criteria)

Answer 19

• pleural fluid/serum protein > 0.5
• pleural LDH/serum LDH > 0.6
• pleural LDH > 2/3 of upper limit normal of serum LDH

Question 20

Characteristics of empyema/complicated pleural effusion

Answer 20

• light criteria

- low pH (