UWorld_7.22

Question 1

Ludwig’s angina presentation

Answer 1

• infection @ submandibular and sublingual glands
• source = infected tooth
• can lead to asphyxiation

Question 2

Ludwig’s angina tx

Answer 2

abx & removal of infected tooth

Question 3

Cyclophosphamide SE

Answer 3

• acute hemorrhagic cystitis
• bladder carcinoma**
• sterility
• myelosuppression

Question 4

Pronator drift ==> neurologic lesion?

Answer 4

-UMN/pyramidal tract lesion

Question 5

Proprioception testing

Answer 5

• passive movement of extremity/digits

- Romberg test ==> unsteady

Question 6

Basal ganglia dysfxn presentation

Answer 6

• extrapyramidal sx
• resting tremor
• rigidity
• bradykinesia
• choreiform

Question 7

Light’s criteria for transudative pleural effustion

Answer 7

-protein

Question 8

Light’s criteria for exudative pleural effustion

Answer 8

• protein > 0.5
• LDH > 0.6; LDH > 2/3 upper normal serum LDH
• causes: infection, malignancy, PE

Question 9

Positioning impact on oxygenation in PNA

Answer 9

• V/Q mismatch leads to decreased O2 sats

- changing position to place lung consolidaiton on dependent side ==> increased shunting/ V/Q mismath

Question 10

Risk in chronic GERD

Answer 10

barret’s esophagus ==> adenocarcinoma of esophagus

Question 11

Cerebral toxo vs. PML in HIV pt.

Answer 11

Toxo = ring-enhancing lesions
PML = non-enhancing lesions

Question 12

Diamond-Blackfan syndrome presentation

Answer 12

• pure red cell aplasia
• short stature
• webbed neck
• cleft lip
• shield chest
• triphalangeal thumbs

Question 13

Schizophreniform d/o criteria

Answer 13

> 1mo &

Question 14

Schizophrenia d/o criteria

Answer 14

6 mo. psychotic sx/fxnl decline

Question 15

Constrictive pericarditis presentation

Answer 15

• fatigue, DOE
• peripheral edema/ascites
• increased JVP
• pericardial knock (middiastolic sound)
• pulsus paradoxus
• Kussmaul’s sign (increase of JVP on inspiration)

Question 16

What kind of bias is attrition bias?

Answer 16

selection bias

Question 17

Selection biases

Answer 17

• sampling bias
• nonresponse bias
• berkson bias: @ hospital-based pt.s
• prevalence bias
• attrition bias

Question 18

Observational biases

Answer 18

• recall bias
• observer bias
• reporting bias
• surveillance bias

Question 19

Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia presentation

Answer 19

• benign asx hypercalcemia
• high/normal PTH
• low urine Ca

Question 20

Primary hyperparathyroidism urine ca?

Answer 20

elevated Urine ca/cr clearance ration

Question 21

Complication of traumatic penetrating injury to thigh

Answer 21

ateriovenous fistula

Question 22

Evaluation of adolescents w/behavior change

Answer 22

tox screen

Question 23

Amantadine: MOA, use

Answer 23

• amantadine = DA agonist

- tx of parkinsons

Question 24

Alzheimer’s tx

Answer 24

cholinesterase inhibitor, e.g. donepezil

Question 25

Deformed foot in pt w/DM ==> dx?

Answer 25

charcot joint (neurogenic arthropathy)

Question 26

Arthritis with chondrocalcinosis ==> dx?

Answer 26

-calcium pyrophosphate dihyrdrate crystal deposition = pseudogout

Question 27

Evaluation/testing in pseudogout

Answer 27

evaluation for secondary causes: hyperparathyroidism, hypothyroidism, hemochromatosis

Question 28

Causes of PNA in cystic fibrosis

Answer 28

- pseudomonas | - >20yo: pseudomonas > staph

Question 29

Secondary causes of HTN

Answer 29

- renal parenchymal disease - renovascular disease - primary aldosteronism - pheo - cushing's - hypothyroidism - primary hyperparathyroidism - coarctation of aorta

Question 30

Cardiac exam during acute MI

Answer 30

S4