VO2 Max

Question 1

when exercise intensity is low, you use fat.

3 TYPES OF VO2 MAX test
PEAK?

Answer 1

RAMP STEP or CONSTANT
S.I.C

ACROSS ALL TESTS, RAMP STEP OR CONSTANT. THE MAX OR PEAK IS ALWAYS THE SAME
but power is not

Question 2

A.V. Hill
* 1922 …
* … in muscle
* … uptake
* “even if the speed is increased beyond a certain limit, no further increase in … can occur: the heart, lungs, circulation, and the diffusion of oxygen to the active muscle fibres have …”

… (…)

• VO2max is a quantitively measure of individuals’ … for …
• Also called: Maximal oxygen uptake, maximal aerobic power, or aerobic capacity
• A high VO2max requires the integrated and high-level response of diverse physiological support systems including the …, …, and … systems to uptake, transport, and utilize …

Answer 2

A.V. Hill
* 1922 Nobel prize
* Heat production in muscle
* Maximal oxygen uptake
* “even if the speed is increased beyond a certain limit, no further increase in oxygen intake can occur: the heart, lungs, circulation, and the diffusion of oxygen to the active muscle fibres have attained their maximal activity.”

Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max)

• VO2max is a quantitively measure of individuals’ capacity for aerobic ATP resynthesis
• Also called: Maximal oxygen uptake, maximal aerobic power, or aerobic capacity
• A high VO2max requires the integrated and high-level response of diverse physiological support systems including the pulmonary, cardiovascular, and muscle systems to uptake, transport, and utilize oxygen

Question 2

Controlling for differences in body composition

When matched for … level, normalizing by … eliminates … differences in V̇O2max. MALES…

V̇O2max and performance

• Athletic performance is related to … in broad samples
• A high V̇O2max is … but not … for success in events that are …

V̇O2max declines with age
Male -…%/decade
Female -…%/decade

Answer 2

Controlling for differences in body composition

When matched for training level, normalizing by lean body mass eliminates sex-based differences in V̇O2max. MALE HAVE HIGHER VO2 MAX BECAUSE OF MORE LEAN BODY MASS

V̇O2max and performance

• Athletic performance is related to V̇O2max in broad samples
• A high V̇O2max is necessary but not sufficient for success in events that are primarily aerobic.

V̇O2max declines with age
Male -8%/decade
Female -8%/decade

Question 3

The person with the highest VO2 max must be the winner, right? If they are all very close in VO2 Max, they will finish a race or test earlier. Many people finish at similar times, but have a large range of VO2 max. it is a good way to determine performance, but it is not the ABSOLUTE

V̇O2max ramp incremental test and determination of exercise thresholds

• Ventilation shows a … relationship during the V̇O2max test

Two important thresholds:
* … (…)
* … (…)

1. To determine exercise capacity (V̇O2 max)
   Must use …
2. To identify cardiorespiratory response thresholds
   Must use …

• What is the significance of these two reasons?
  BOTH happen at the exact same power output.
  First we know what is the physiological response to exercise.

Answer 3

V̇O2max ramp incremental test and determination of exercise thresholds

• Ventilation shows a curvilinear relationship during the V̇O2max test
• Gas exchange threshold (GET) - The exercise intensity at which carbon dioxide production starts increasing faster than oxygen uptake due to rising lactate levels.
• Respiratory compensation point (RCP) – The higher exercise intensity at which breathing increases sharply to help buffer accumulating acid in the blood.

1. To determine exercise capacity (V̇O2 max)
   Must use Lactate production
2. To identify cardiorespiratory response thresholds
   Must use ventilation

• What is the significance of these two reasons?

Question 4

IF power output keeps going up, lactate goes up, HR up,
if power output plateaus you will reach a steady state

With the ONSET of exercise:
* Linear ↑ …
* Linear ↑ …
* Linear ↑ …
* Metabolic … (…)
* BL/H+ are …

the … and production of … and … is at equilibrium

At the start you use …, intensity is low.

With increasing exercise intensity above the 1st threshold: PHASE II 2mmol
* Linear ↑ …
* Nonlinear ↑ … (…)
* … increases in a faster rate in relation to increased work load or VO2
* Metabolic … (… state)
* BL/H+ are …
** … production and clearance is still at … **

Answer 4

IF power output keeps going up, lactate goes up, HR up,
if power output plateaus you will reach a steady state

With the onset of exercise:
* Linear ↑ O2 consumption
* Linear ↑ CO2 production
* Linear ↑ VE
* Metabolic stability (steady state)
* BL/H+ are consistent

the buffering and production of H+ and carbon dioxide is at equilibrium

At the start you use fat oxidation, intensity is low.

With increasing exercise intensity above the 1st threshold:
* Linear ↑ O2 consumption
* Nonlinear ↑ CO2 production (GET)
* VE increases in a faster rate in relation to increased work load or VO2
* Metabolic stability (steady state)
* BL/H+ are consistent but at higher level
* BL/H+ production and clearance is still at equilibrium

Question 5

Gas exchange threshold (GET)

• Co2 and H+ are buffered by … causing an increase in CO2 production
• Activation of … increases the rate of … production

Answer 5

Gas exchange threshold (GET)

• Co2 and H+ are buffered by bicarbonate causing an increase in CO2 production
• Activation of glycolytic pathway increases the rate of H+ production