Week 12b

Question 1

when do changes in cognition begin

Answer 1

late 20s and early 30s

Question 2

t or f: men are more likely to develop FTD

Answer 2

false, more likely to develop vascular dementia

Question 3

t or f: women are more likely to develop AD

Answer 3

true (2:1 women:men)

Question 4

modifiable risk factors for dementia in early life (and %’s)

Answer 4

education (7%)

Question 5

modifiable risk factors for dementia in middle life (and %’s)

Answer 5

hearing loss (8%)
TBI (3%)
hypertension (2%)
alcohol (1%)
obesity (1%)

Question 6

modifiable risk factors for dementia in late life (and %’s)

Answer 6

smoking (5%)
depression (4%)
social isolation (4%)
physical inactivity (2%)
air pollution (2%)
diabetes (1%)

Question 7

___% of risk factors for dementia are preventable

Answer 7

40

Question 8

top daily activities for seniors

Answer 8

ADLs, resting, TV, personal care

Question 9

t or f: men spend more time on ADLs than women

Answer 9

false

Question 10

t or f: young seniors spend more time on passive leisure activities (reading, TV) and sleep than older seniors

Answer 10

false

Question 11

t or f: poor health does not equal less socializing

Answer 11

false.
poor health=less socializing

Question 12

t or f: walking can improve the volume of the hippocampus

Answer 12

true

Question 13

5 suggestions to maintain general health (for seniors)

Answer 13

• regular checkups
• stop smoking
• keep weight under control
• exercise
• take care of hearing/vision

Question 14

t or f: experiencing a brain injury puts you at risk of having Alzheimers

Answer 14

true; up to 4x higher risk

Question 15

suggestions for nutrition

Answer 15

• balanced diet
• vitamin C (fruit/veg)
• vitamin E (wheat, nuts, seed)
• folate/vitamin B9 (eggs, fruit, cereal, veg)
• beta carotene (carrots)
• antioxidants (green tea, berries, dark fruit, veg)
• copper (beef/lamb liver, oysters, cashews, pears)

Question 16

why implement beta carotene into a diet?

Answer 16

interferes with amyloid plaques

Question 17

why implement copper into a diet?

Answer 17

maintains strong neuron connections

Question 18

upper daily limit of salt

Answer 18

23 grams

Question 19

avg daily Canadian intake of salt

Answer 19

35 grams

Question 20

upper daily limit of sugar

Answer 20

25g

Question 21

avg daily Canadian intake of sugar

Answer 21

85g

Question 22

how to maintain a healthy mind

Answer 22

• manage stress
• manage anxiety
• manage depression
• manage sleep

Question 23

t or f: the reduction in hippocampal volume caused by stress cannot be reversed

Answer 23

false

Question 24

t or f: too much sleep is not a cause of cognitive decline

Answer 24

false

Question 25

t or f: too little sleep can cause cognitive decline

Answer 25

true

Question 26

suggestions to improve social network

Answer 26

- volunteer - stay social - quality > quantity

Question 27

t or f: hydrating yourself prevents shrinkage of the brain

Answer 27

true

Question 28

t or f: 75 mins of vigorous exercises can age the brain by one year

Answer 28

false; 90 mins

Question 29

t or f: brain shrinkage can be reversed by drinking water

Answer 29

true

Question 30

Speaking two or more languages improves ____ _____ and may stave off dementia by ___ years on average

Answer 30

brain function; 5

Question 31

suggestions for keeping your mind sharp

Answer 31

activities that are: * Complex * Frequent * Varied * Interesting

Question 32

examples of mental aerobics

Answer 32

– Crosswords – Puzzles – Sudoku – Concentration games – Interactive online games (free)

Question 33

suggestions to sharpen language skills

Answer 33

– Speaking – Reading (book clubs) – Writing (memoirs, diaries, letters)

Question 34

three main ways to prevent dementia

Answer 34

1) stay curious 2) eat healthy 3) keep moving