Week 13 Cognitive Development

Question 1

Concepts

Answer 1

The mental representation of a category

Question 2

The ability to actively perceive the distance from oneself of objects in the environment

Answer 2

Depth perception

Question 3

Parents provide more sensitive and affectionate care to easy going and attractive infants than to difficult and less attractive ones which contribute to the infends later cognitive development true or false

Answer 3

True unfortunately lol

Question 4

What age does sensorimotor stage take place. According to piagetian theory also what is it

Answer 4

From birth to age 2. Stage during which children come tto represent the enduring reality of objects

Question 5

Preoperational stage

Answer 5

2-7 years old in which children can represent objects though drawing and language but cannot solve logical reasoning problems such as conservation problems

Question 6

Concrete operational reasoning

Answer 6

Piagetan stage between 7-12 when children can think logically about concrete situations but not engage in systematic scientific reasoning

Question 7

Formal operational reasoning stage

Answer 7

Starts at 11-12 until
The rest of life, adolescents may gain reason I g powers of educated adults

Question 8

Piaget claimed that infants less than how many months do not understand that objects continue to exjeg when out of sight

Answer 8

9 months

Question 9

Formal operational stage tends not to occur without exposure to formal education in scientific reasoning

Question 10

In what case does the formal operational stage tend not to occur

Answer 10

When there is no exposure to formal education in scientific reasoning, appears to be largely or completely absent from some societies thag do not provide this type of education

Question 11

Difference between concrete operational stage and formal operational

Answer 11

Concrete 6-12 years old, logical reasoning only applied to objects that are real or can be seen

Formal operational 11/12 to lifetime

Individual can think logically about potential events or abstract ideas so it’s advanced reasoning

Question 12

Phonetic awareness

Answer 12

Awareness of the component sounds within words

Question 13

this part of the brain supports the reward feeling we have when around others

Answer 13

the orbital frontal cortex

Question 14

Lev vygotsky theory

Answer 14

Emphasizes how other people and the attitudes values and beliefs off the surrounding culture influence children development

Question 15

The social brain is hypothesized to consist of

Answer 15

The amygdala the orbital prefrontal cortex and fusiform gyrus and posterior superior temporal sulcus

Question 16

This part of the brain helps us recognise the emotional states of other

Answer 16

The amygdala

Question 17

This part of the brain supports the reward feeling we have when around others

Answer 17

Thr orbital frontal cortex

Question 18

The fusiform gyrus does what

Answer 18

Helps recognize faces

Question 19

The posterior STS region recognizes the biokogicak motion and

Answer 19

Rye movement hand and other body movements and helps interpret and predict the actions of others

Question 20

The nosst thoroughly investigated areas of the social brain in autisj

Answer 20

The superior temporal sulcus. Which underlies the perception and interpretation of biological motion. And the fuiform gyrus (FG) which supports face perception heightened sensitively to biological movements for humans motions such as walking

Question 21

Individuals with autusk have reduced activity in the

Answer 21

STS OR The superior temporal sulcus during biokogixak motion perception

Question 22

Endophenotypes

Answer 22

A characteristic that reflects a generic liability for disease and a more basic component of a complex clomicslbpresentstion. Endophenithles are less developmentally malleable than over behaviour

Question 23

this part of the brain recognizes biological motion including eye, hand and other bodily movements and helps interpret the and predict the actions and intentions of others

Answer 23

the posterior superior temporal sulcus

Question 24

what are event related potentials

Answer 24

they measure the firing of groups of neurons in the cortex. as a person views or listens to specific types of information, neuronal activity creates small electrical currents that can be recorded from sensors placed on scalp. ERP has excellent temporal processing (ms)

Question 25

fMri functional magnetic resonance imaging

Answer 25

magnets that measure the levels of oxygen within the brain that vary with change in neural activity. regions that are more active require more oxygen, and fmri can specify the brain regions le that evidence a relative increase in blood flow. excellent spatial information:

Question 26

a set of neuroanatomical structures that allows us to understand the actions and intentions of other people

Answer 26

the social brain

Question 27

continuous development vs discontinuous development

Answer 27

continuous is developing in a gradual manner rather than through sudden jumps and discontinuous does not occur in a gradual incremental manner

Question 28

typicality

Answer 28

the difference in goodness of category never ranging from the most typical(the prototype) to borderline members

Question 29

psychological essentialism

Answer 29

the belief that members of a catergorh have an unseen property that causes them to be in the category and to have the properties associated with it

Question 30

in language production people tend to say _____ before _____

Answer 30

typical items because atypical ones like apples and lemons rather than lemons and apples

Question 31

learning a category is easier if

Answer 31

typical examples are provided