0.3.1 Numbers & Money

Question 1

Translate to Japanese:

zero

Answer 1

ゼロ / れい

zero / rei

Note: zero (ゼロ) is common when talking about things like scores and numbers.

rei (れい) is the traditional Japanese reading and is used in formal announcements and some counting situations.

Question 2

Translate to Japanese:

four

Answer 2

よん / し

yon / shi

Note: yon (よん) is preferred in most situations but you’ll sometimes hear shi (し) as well.

shi (し) is often avoided because it shares the same pronunciation as the word for “death” and is generally considered an unlucky number.

Question 3

Translate to Japanese:

five

Answer 3

ご

go

Question 4

Translate to Japanese:

six

Answer 4

ろく

roku

Question 5

Translate to Japanese:

seven

Answer 5

なな / しち

nana / shichi

Note: nana (なな) is generally used for counting, but shichi (しち) appears in certain fixed expressions (i.e. seven o’clock).

Question 6

Translate to Japanese:

eight

Answer 6

はち

hachi

Question 7

Translate to Japanese:

nine

Answer 7

きゅう / く

kyuu / ku

Note: kyuu (きゅう) is generally used for counting, but ku (く) appears in certain fixed expressions (i.e. nine o’clock).

ku (く) is often avoided because it shares the same pronunciation as the word for “suffering” and is generally considered an unlucky number.

Question 8

Translate to Japanese:

ten

Answer 8

じゅう

juu

Question 9

Translate to Japanese:

eleven

Answer 9

じゅういち

juu ichi

Notice the logic when counting in Japanese:

“ten”, juu (じゅう) plus “one”, ichi (いち) becomes “eleven”, juu ichi (じゅういち)

Question 10

Translate to Japanese:

twelve

Answer 10

じゅうに

juu ni

Remember the logic for counting in Japanese:

“ten”, juu (じゅう) plus “two”, ni (に) becomes “twelve”, juu ni (じゅうに)

Question 11

Translate to Japanese:

thirteen

Answer 11

じゅうさん

juu san

Remember the logic for counting in Japanese:

“ten”, juu (じゅう) plus “three”, san (さん) becomes “thirteen”, juu san (じゅうさん)

Question 12

Translate to Japanese:

fourteen

Answer 12

じゅうよん

juu yon

Remember the logic for counting in Japanese:

“ten”, juu (じゅう) plus “four”, yon (よん) becomes “fourteen”, juu yon (じゅうよん)

Question 13

Translate to Japanese:

twenty

Answer 13

にじゅう

ni juu

Remember the logic for counting in Japanese:

“two”, ni (に), and “ten”, juu (じゅう), become “twenty”, ni juu (にじゅう)

Question 14

Translate to Japanese:

twenty-one

Answer 14

にじゅういち

ni juu ichi

Remember the logic for counting in Japanese:

“two”, ni (に), and “ten”, juu (じゅう), become “twenty”, and “one”, ichi (いち) gives us “twenty-one”.

Question 15

Translate to Japanese:

thirty

Answer 15

さんじゅう

san juu

Remember the logic for counting in Japanese:

“three”, san (さん), and “ten”, juu (じゅう), become “thirty”, san juu (さんじゅう)

Question 16

Translate to Japanese:

forty

Answer 16

よんじゅう

yon juu

Remember the logic for counting in Japanese:

“four”, yon (よん), and “ten”, juu (じゅう), become “forty”, yon juu (よんじゅう)

Question 17

Translate to Japanese:

fifty, sixty, seventy

Answer 17

ごじゅう, ろくじゅう, ななじゅう

go juu, roku juu, nana juu

Question 18

Translate to Japanese:

eighty, ninety

Answer 18

はちじゅう, きゅうじゅう

hachi juu, kyuu juu

Question 19

Translate to Japanese:

one hundred

Answer 19

ひゃく

hyaku

Question 20

Translate to Japanese:

two hundred

Answer 20

にひゃく

ni hyaku

Note: This is the regular pattern for hundreds:

(number) + hyaku (ひゃく) “hundred” = “(number) hundred”

Question 21

Translate to Japanese:

one thousand

Answer 21

せん

sen

Question 22

Translate to Japanese:

five thousand

Answer 22

ごせん

go sen

Question 23

Translate to Japanese:

ten thousand

Answer 23

いちまん

ichi man

At ten thousand, Japanese begins to count differently than English, using units of ten thousand called man (まん).

Question 24

Translate to Japanese:

one hundred thousand

Answer 24

じゅうまん

juu man

To express one hundred thousand, Japanese combines “ten”, juu (じゅう), with “ten thousand”, man (まん).

Question 25

# Translate to Japanese: one _yen_

Answer 25

いちえん | ichi _en_ ## Footnote yen = *en* (えん)

Question 26

# Translate to Japanese: five _dollars_

Answer 26

ごドル | go _doru_ ## Footnote dollar(s) = *doru* (ドル)

Question 27

# Translate to Japanese: ten yen

Answer 27

じゅうえん | juu en

Question 28

# Translate to Japanese: ten _cents_

Answer 28

じゅうセント | juu _sento_ ## Footnote cent(s) = *sento* (セント) Note: "Cents" are used for foreign currencies, such as the U.S. dollar, Canadian dollar, and euro (or other cent-based currencies).

Question 29

# Translate to Japanese: ten dollars

Answer 29

じゅうドル | juu doru

Question 30

# Translate to Japanese: _three hundred_ fifty yen

Answer 30

さんびゃくごじゅうえん | _sanbyaku_ gojuu en ## Footnote three hundred = *san byaku* (さんびゃく) Certain numbers have irregular pronunciations in Japanese and change their sounds in order to be easier to pronounce. *san byaku* (さんびゃく), "three hundred", *roppyaku* (ろっぴゃく), "six hundred", and *happyaku* (はっぴゃく), "eight hundred", are examples of this.

Question 31

# Translate to Japanese: _to have_

Answer 31

あります / います | arimasu / imasu ## Footnote The verbs meaning "to exist" are also frequently used as "to have". *arimasu* (あります) is used for non-living things, such as money, buildings, cars, etc. *imasu* (います) is used for living things, such as humans and animals (but not plants). Reminder: Both of these are verbs and will therefore always come at the **end of a sentence**.

Question 32

# Translate to Japanese: I have _two cats_.

Answer 32

ねこがにひきいます。 | Neko ga _nihiki_ imasu. ## Footnote counter for small animals = *hiki* (ひき) two small animals = *nihiki* (にひき)

Question 33

# Translate to Japanese: Do you have kids?

Answer 33

こどもがいますか。 | Kodomo ga imasu ka.

Question 34

# Translate to Japanese: Do you have five dollars?

Answer 34

ごドルがありますか。 | Go doru ga arimasu ka.

Question 35

# Translate to Japanese: _How much_ does it cost?

Answer 35

いくらですか。 | _Ikura_ desu ka. ## Footnote how much = *ikura* (いくら) Note: Japanese doesn't have a set phrase like "How much does it cost?". Instead, we'll simply ask "how much is it?".

Question 36

# Translate to Japanese: It costs _six hundred_ yen.

Answer 36

ろっぴゃくえんです。 | _Roppyaku_ en desu. ## Footnote six hundred = *roppyaku* (ろっぴゃく) This number is an exception to the regular pattern for forming hundreds where you normally combined a number with *hyaku* (ひゃく), "hundred". Therefore, we cannot say *rokuhyaku* (ろくひゃく) as "six hundred". Instead, *roku* (ろく), "six", is shortened to *ro* (ろっ), has a brief pause before the next syllable, and *hyaku* (ひゃく) becomes *pyaku* (ぴゃく) to make the word easier to pronounce.

Question 37

[What is being said in the audio recording?]

Answer 37

- **Man**: すみません、これはいくらですか。(Sumimasen, kore wa ikura desu ka.) - **Woman**: にせんえんです。 (Nisen en desu.) ## Footnote _Translation_: Man: "Excuse me, how much does this cost?" Woman: "It costs two thousand yen."

Question 38

# Translate to Japanese: There's _nothing_ here.

Answer 38

ここになにもありません。 | Koko ni _nanimo_ arimasen. ## Footnote nothing = *nanimo* (なにも) This sentence translates to "There isn't nothing here". Although it wouldn't sound correct to use a double negative in English (because "There isn't nothing here" actually means "There's something here"), this structure is frequent, natural, and required in Japanese.

Question 39

[What is being said in the audio recording?]

Answer 39

- **Man**: あそこになにがありますか。 (Asoko ni nani ga arimasu ka.) - **Woman**: なにもありません。(Nanimo arimasen.) ## Footnote _Translation_: Man: "What's over there?" Woman: "There's nothing [over there]."

Question 40

# Translate to Japanese: I have _only_ two siblings.

Answer 40

きょうだいがふたりだけいます。 | Kyoudai ga futari _dake_ imasu. ## Footnote only = *dake* (だけ) Note: *dake* (だけ) comes after the noun or number you are emphasizing. In this case, the emphasis is on "only" two people, *futari* (ふたり).

Question 41

# Translate to Japanese: I have only six friends

Answer 41

ともだちがろくにんだけいます。 | Tomodachi ga rokunin dake imasu.

Question 42

# Translate to Japanese: Mayuko has a lot of siblings.

Answer 42

まゆこはきょうだいがたくさんいます。 | Mayuko wa kyoudai ga takusan imasu. ## Footnote A common way to say "there's a lot of..." is: [noun] + *ga* (が) + *takusan* (たくさん) + *imasu* / *arimasu* (います / あります).

Question 43

# Translate to Japanese: That's _inexpensive_!

Answer 43

それはやすいです！ | Sore wa _yasui_ desu! ## Footnote cheap / inexpensive = *yasui* (やすい)

Question 44

# Translate to Japanese: That _costs a lot_!

Answer 44

それはたかいです！ | Sore wa _takai_ desu! ## Footnote expensive = *takai* (たかい) Japanese doesn't often use the verb "to cost" the same way we do in English. Instead, we'll either say the price or that something is expensive, reasonable, or cheap.

Question 45

# Translate to Japanese: That costs _too much_!

Answer 45

それはたかすぎます！ | Sore wa taka _sugimasu_! ## Footnote to be too much = *sugimasu* (すぎます) To construct this form, the adjective ending *i* (い) is dropped as follows: To create this **compound** verb, *takai* (たかい) becomes *taka* (たか) and *sugimasu* (すぎます) is added. The same conjugation rule applies for any *i* (い) adjective to say something is "too [adjective]".

Question 46

# Translate to Japanese: _How many_ do you have?

Answer 46

いくつありますか。 | _Ikutsu_ arimasu ka. ## Footnote how many = *ikutsu* (いくつ) Reminder: Notice that "you" is absent in Japanese. This is natural and expected, especially in a one-on-one conversation where "you" and "I" are implied.

Question 47

# Translate to Japanese: How much money do you have?

Answer 47

おかねはいくらありますか。 | Okane wa ikura arimasu ka.

Question 48

[What is being said in the audio recording?]

Answer 48

- **Man**: これはごせんえんです。(Kore wa gosen en desu.) - **Woman**: たかすぎます！(Takasugimasu!) ## Footnote _Translation_: Man: "This is five thousand yen." Woman: "[It's] too expensive!"

Question 49

# Translate to Japanese: How much does his car cost?

Answer 49

(かれの)くるまはいくらですか。 | (Kare no) kuruma wa ikura desu ka.

Question 50

# Translate to Japanese: Her cars are very _expensive_.

Answer 50

(かのじょの)くるまはとてもたかいです。 | (Kanojo no) kuruma wa totemo _takai_ desu. ## Footnote In other contexts, *takai* (たかい) can also mean "high" or "tall".

Question 51

# Translate to Japanese: It's expensive. I _don't have_ a job!

Answer 51

たかいです。しごとがありません。 | Takai desu. Shigoto ga _arimasen_. ## Footnote don't have = *arimasen* (ありません) This is the negative form of *arimasu* (あります), "to exist / to have". Like **all verbs**, negative forms also come at the end of the sentence.

Question 52

# Translate to Japanese: You have a job. I _need_ a job!

Answer 52

あなたはしごとがあります。 わたしはしごとがひつようです。 Anata wa shigoto ga arimasu. Watashi wa shigoto ga _hitsuyou_ desu. ## Footnote need / be necessary = *hitsuyou* (ひつよう) The structure to say you need something is as follows: **[Noun]** + *ga* (が) + *hitsuyou* (ひつよう) + *desu* (です).

Question 53

[What is being said in the audio recording?]

Answer 53

- **Man**: あたらしいくるまがひつようですか。(Atarashii kuruma ga hitsuyou desu ka.) - **Woman**: いいえ、ひつようありません。 (Iie, hitsuyou arimasen.) ## Footnote _Translation_: Man: "Do you need a new car?" Woman: "No, I don't need (one)." Note: *hitsuyou arimasen* (ひつようありません) is used to express you **don't need** or there is **no need** for something.

Question 54

# Translate to Japanese: I need a cheap car.

Answer 54

やすいくるまがひつようです。 | Yasui kuruma ga hitsuyou desu.

Question 55

# Translate to Japanese: I need a job. --> Me _too_!

Answer 55

しごとがひつようです。 --> わたしも！ Shigoto ga hitsuyou desu. --> Watashi _mo_! ## Footnote too / also = *mo* (も)

Question 56

# Translate to Japanese: _How old_ are you?

Answer 56

なんさいですか。 | _Nan sai_ desu ka. ## Footnote how old = *nan sai* (なんさい) Literally translated, this question means "What age are you / is it?".

Question 57

# Translate to Japanese: I'm twenty-two _years old_.

Answer 57

にじゅうにさいです。 | Nijuuni _sai_ desu. ## Footnote years old = *sai* (さい) To say how many years old someone or something is, combine a number + *sai* (さい).

Question 58

# Translate to Japanese: I'm thirty years old.

Answer 58

さんじゅっさいです。 | Sanjussai desu. ## Footnote Note: For ages that are multiples of ten (twenty, thirty, forty, etc.) *jussai* (じゅっさい) is added after the number instead.

Question 59

[What is being said in the audio recording?]

Answer 59

いいしごとがひつようです。 | Ii shigoto ga hitsuyou desu. ## Footnote _Translation_: "I need a good job."

Question 60

[What is being said in the audio recording?]

Answer 60

- **Man**: なんさいですか。(Nan sai desu ka.) - **Woman**: にじゅうごさいです。(Nijuugo sai desu.) ## Footnote _Translation_: Man: "How old are you?" Woman: "I'm twenty-five years old."

Question 61

[What is being said in the audio recording?]

Answer 61

わたしのねこはさんさいです。 | Watashi no neko wa sansai desu. ## Footnote _Translation_: "My cat is three years old."