Analytical Methods II Flashcards by Gay Amor Tipolo Gacang

Q

Color absorbed by Sodium

A

Yellow

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Q

Color absorbed by Potassium

A

Violet

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Q

Color absorbed by lithium

A

Red

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Q

Color absorbed by

Magnesium

A

Blue

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Q

Color absorbed by

Zinc

A

White

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Q

Measures the light emitted by a single atom burned in a flame.

A

Flame Emission Photometry

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Q

Used for the measurement of excited ions (Sodium & Potassium)

A

Flame Emission Photometry

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Q

Principle: Excitation of electrons from lower to higner energy states

A

Flame Emission Photometry

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Q

Flame Emission Photometry

Light source:
Method:
Internal Standard:

A

Light source: Flame
Method: Indirect Internal Standard Method
Internal Standard: Lithium/Cesium

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Q

Measures the light absorbed by atoms dissociated by heat.

A

Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS)

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Q

Used for the measurement of unexcited trace metals (calcium & magnesium)

A

Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS)

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Q

More sensitive than FEP; it is accurate, precise and very specific.

A

Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS)

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Q

Principle: element is not excited by merely dissociated from its chemical bond and placed in
an unionized, unexcited, ground state

A

Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS)

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Q

Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS)

Light source:
Interferences:

A

Light source: Hollow cathode lamp
Interferences: Chemical, Matrix (differences in viscosity) & ionization.

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Q

Principle: The unknown sample is made to react with a known solution in the presence.

A

Volumetric (Titrimetric)

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Q

Principle: It determines the amount of ligne blockes (reduction of lighl) by a particulate mater in a turbid solution

A

Turbidimetry

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Q

For measuring abundant large particles (proteins) and bacterial suspensions

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A

Turbidimetry

Q

For measuring the amount of antigen-antibody complexes (proteins)

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A

Nephelometry

Q

Principle: It determines the amount of scatierea lignt by a particulate matter suspended in a turbid solution.

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A

Nephelometry

Q

Is the migration of charged particles in an electric field

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A

Electrophoresis

Q

Buffer and acts as a protein carrier of Electrophoresis

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A

Barbital (pH 8.6)

Q

net charge can either be negative or positive depending on pH condition.

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A

Amphoteric

Q

movement of buffer ions and solvent relative to the fixed solution

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A

Electroendosmosis/Endosmosis

Q

is the migration of small charged ions

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A

Iontophoresis

is the migration of charged molecules.

Zone electrophoresis

It involves separation of soluble components in a solution by specific differences in physical-chemical characteristics of the different constituents.

Chromatography

2 Forms of Chromatography:

Planar Column

Example of planar Chromatography

Paper Thin layer

used for fractionation of sugar and amino acid

Paper Chromatography

semiquantitative drug screening test

Thin Layer Chromatography

Examples of Column Chromatography

Gas Liquid

for separation of steroids, barbiturates, blood, alcohol and lipids

Gas Chromatography

Gold standard for drug testing Also used for xenobiotics, anabolic steroids, & pesticides.

Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectrophotometry

based on the distribution of solutes between liquid mobile phase and a stationary phase

Liquid Chromatography

Is the most widely used in liquid chromatography

High performance liquid chromatography

Measures the amount of light the intensity present over a zero background.

Fluorometry/Molecular Luminescence Spectrophotomete

Quenching phenomenon

Fluorometry/Molecular Luminescence Spectrophotometer

Principle: determines the amount of light emitted by a molecule after excitation by electromagnetic radiation.

Fluorometry/Molecular Luminescence Spectrophotometer

1000x more sensitive than a spectrophotometer - emitted radiation is measured directly.

Fluorometry/Molecular Luminescence Spectrophotometer

It differs from fluorescence and phosphorescence in that the emission of light is created from a chemical or electrochemical reaction and not from absorption of electromagnetic energy.

Chemiluminescence

Measurement of the osmolality of an aqueous solution such as serum, plasma or urine.

Osmometry

Measurement of current or voltage generated by the activity of a specific ion.

Electrochemistry techniques