What is the case for actions (assault)?
Read v Coker- Gestures and physical actions can be an assault
Whats the case for words (assault)?
R v Ireland- An assault can be carried out by spoken words/silence
R v Constanza- An assault can be carried out by written words
Whats the case for negating words?
Tuberville v Savage- Words can negate what would otherwise have been an assault
Whats the case for V apprehending a force?
DPP V Logdon- Its possible for V to apprehend force even i the use of force isn’t possible
Whats the case for a force being immediate?
Smith v Cheif Constable of Woking- Force V apprehends must be ‘immediate’ meaning in the near future
Where is assault defined?
Common law
mens rea of assault?
direct intetion or recklessness as to cause v to apprehend immediate unlawful force
acteus reus of assault?
causing the victim to apprehend immediate, unlawful force