ROBBERY

Question 1

S8(1) Theft Act 1968

Answer 1

Robbery is using or threatening force immediately before or at the time of stealing.

Question 2

R v Robinson

Answer 2

If any element of theft is missing, there cannot be a robbery.

Question 3

R v Dawson and James

Answer 3

Force should take its common sense meaning, even if the force is
minimal

Question 4

R v Clouden

Answer 4

Force can be applied indirectly (though a chain reaction)

Question 5

RP and Others v DPP

Answer 5

Merely taking something is not force automatically; the taking
would have to be forceful to be a robbery

Question 6

B&R v DPP

Answer 6

For the threat of force, D only needs to intend to make V fearful; whether V actually fears the threat is irrelevant.

Question 7

S8

Answer 7

D must be trying to make V fear force ‘then and there’ (so literally
immediately)

Question 8

Smith v Desmond

Answer 8

Force can be used/threatened on anyone, even if it is not the
person who is stolen from (but the force cannot be
used/threatened on an object, only a person)

Question 9

R v Hale

Answer 9

Force may lead to a robbery if it comes AFTER the stealing, as long as the theft was still continuing when the force was used

Question 10

R v Lockley

Answer 10

Even using force in order to escape after stealing would count as using force in order to escape