R v Slingsby
V can ALWAYS legally give consent to assault / batteries
R v Leach
V can NEVER legally consent to s18 offences
Pretty v UK
V can NEVER legally consent to murder/death
R v Brown
V USUALLY cannot legally consent to s20 or s47 offences, unless there is a lawful exception
Lawful exceptions include properly conducted sports and games, surgery, tattooing, piercings, dangerous exhibitions, and horseplay
R v Aitken
Horseplay is a defence where D is not intending any harm, and
BELIEVES V would consent (even if D is mistaken – ie there
was NOT genuine consent).
R v Wilson
Branding someone with consent is equivalent to tattooing
Gillick
V must have the capacity to consent, meaning that they have
enough intelligence, maturity and understanding of what they
are agreeing to
R v Newland
Genuine/Informed consent means V knows the nature and circumstances of what they are agreeing to
R v Olugboja
Submitting to pressure is not the same thing as giving genuine
consent (giving in/relenting is not the same as agreeing)
Wilson v Pringle
Sometimes consent may be implied from the circumstances, ie with ordinary jostlings of everyday life.