Atomic structure and periodic table

Question 1

How do you name a compound with two elements usually non-metal and metal?

Answer 1

The metal name doesn’t change.
The non-metal’s name ends in ide.

Question 2

How can mixtures be separated by physical processes?

Answer 2

Filtration
Crystallisation
Simple distillation
Fractional distillation
Chromatography

Question 3

What does filtration do?

Answer 3

Separates substances that are insoluble in a solvent from those that are soluble.

Question 4

What does crystallisation do?

Answer 4

Separates a soluble substance from a solvent by evaporation.

Question 5

What does simple distillation do?

Answer 5

Separates a liquid from a mixture by evaporation followed by condensation.

Question 6

What does fractional distillation do?

Answer 6

Separates a mixture into a number of different parts, called fractions. High boiling points condense at the bottom. Low boiling points condense at the top.

Question 7

What does chromatography do?

Answer 7

Separates small amounts of dissolved substances by running a solvent along absorbent paper.

Question 8

What did Johann Dobereiner do in 1817 to the periodic table?

Answer 8

Came up with the law of ‘triads’. Each of the three triads was a group of three elements. The appearance and reactions of elements were similar.

Question 9

What did John Newlands do in 1863 to the periodic table?

Answer 9

Came up with the law of ‘octaves’. Each element was similar to the element eight places ahead of it.
Properties repeated every seventh element. Ordered by atomic mass.

Question 10

What did Dmitri Mendeleev do in 1869 to the periodic table?

Answer 10

He grouped known elements into columns but left gaps for undiscovered elements and predicted their properties.
Arranged by atomic mass but then discovered it should be ordered by atomic number.

Question 11

What is an element?

Answer 11

Made up of only one type of atom

Question 12

What is a compound?

Answer 12

Two or more elements chemically bonded in fixed proportions.

Question 13

What is a mixture?

Answer 13

Two or more elements or compounds not chemically bonded together.
Chemical proportions in each substance in the mixture are unchanged.

Question 14

Who made the plum pudding model and what was it?

Answer 14

JJ Thompson
Ball of positive charge with electrons dotted around inside.

Question 15

Who made the nuclear model and what was it?

Answer 15

Rutherford
Positive nucleus in the centre with electrons orbiting around it. Most of atom is empty space .

Question 16

Who were the two people that made parts of the model we use now?
What parts did they contribute to it?

Answer 16

Bohr
Electrons are in energy shells
James Chadwick
Nucleus contains protons and neutrons.

Question 17

What is an isotope?

Answer 17

A versions of an element which has the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.

Question 18

What are properties of group 1 elements?

Answer 18

Silvery
Soft
Shiny
Highly reactive
Low melting and boiling points
Low density

Question 19

What are group 7 (halogens) properties?

Answer 19

Non-metals
Don’t conduct electricity
Brittle and crumble as a solid
Poisonous
Coloured

Question 20

What are 5 properties of group 0 (noble gases)?

Answer 20

Very stable
Most unreactive of all elements
Colourless
Odourless
Glow when electricity is passes through

Question 21

What are 4 properties of transition metals

Answer 21

Good conductor
Very dense
Strong
Shiny