Attachment A01

Question 1

What is meant by the term Attachment

Answer 1

Attachment is a strong , enduring, emotional and reciprocal bond between 2 people ( caregiver and infant )

Question 2

Lorenz procedure

Answer 2

divide large clutch of geese into 2 batches

Marked all of goslings and removed from upturned box to see who would follow

1- hatched with mother in natural environment
2- incubator and first moving object= LORENZ

Question 3

Lorenz finding on Attachment

Answer 3

naturally hatched—-» mother gosling
incubator—–» only lorenz

bonds were irreversible

Question 4

Lorenz finding on Imprinting

Answer 4

imprinting= attach to & follow first moving object

critical period= 4-25 hours must take place, else no Attachment with mother

imprinted on humans= mature gosling adults attempt to mate with humans

Question 5

Lorenz finding on Sexual Imprinting

Answer 5

imprinted on humans= display courtship behaviours towards humans

Question 6

Harlow Procedure

Answer 6

16 baby rheus monkeys

condition 1= wire Surrogate mother milk, towel NO

Condition 2= wire NO, cloth MILK

Loud Noise form mechanical toy= test preference during distress

Question 7

Harlow Findings

Answer 7

cloth»_space;> regardles of milk = contact comfort important than food

sought comfort from cloth when frightened

Question 8

Harlow findings on Adulthood

Answer 8

Wire= most dysfunctional and diarrhoea (sign of distress)

Cloth= more aggressive & less sociable , attacking own children

Question 9

Harlow Conclusions

Answer 9

Sensitive period for Attachement Formation = 90 Days

Contact comfort is essential for attachment

Question 10

Name Learning Theories of Attachment

Answer 10

CC

OC

Question 11

Explain Classical Condition in terms of Attachment

Answer 11

BC = NS (CG) & UNC ST (FOOD)

DC = NS + UNC ST———-»» UNC RES (PLEASURE)

AC = CS————–»»CR

CAREGIVER ASSOCIATED WITH FOOD / SIGHT OF CG = PLEASURE

Question 12

Expain OC in terms of attachment

Answer 12

explain why babies cry for comfort

crying is postively reinforced = ( adding postive stimuls eg care/food)
CG is negativley reinforced = (removal of unpleasant stimulus eg crying)

interplay of mutual reinforcement strengthens an attachment.

Question 13

Explain SLT in terms of attachment

Answer 13

• Social learning theory (Hay and Vespo, 1988) suggests that parents teach children to love them demonstrating (modelling) attachment behaviours hugging.
• reinforce loving behaviour by showing approval when babies display their own attachment behaviours
• two-way interaction between baby and adult