Behaviourist Approach

Question 1

4 main assumptions of behaviourist approach

Answer 1

focused on observable behaviour= OBJECTIVE ANALYSIS conducted lab = control over EV reliable data repeatability behaviour is learnt through classical and operant conditioning tabula rasa - blank slate= behaviour is learnt from experiences

Question 2

classical conditioning meaning

Answer 2

learning through association

Question 3

Classical Condition BC

Answer 3

unconditioned stimulus ────────────────────────────▶ unconditioned response neutral stimulus ────────────────────────────▶ no response

Question 4

DC

Answer 4

neutral stimulus + unconditioned stimulus ────────────────────────────▶ unconditioned response

Question 5

AC

Answer 5

conditioned stimulus ────────────────────────────▶ conditioned response

Question 6

operant conditioning

Answer 6

learning through consequences voluntarily

Question 7

4 main elements of OC

Answer 7

Positive reinforcement Negative reinforcement Positive punishment Negative punishment

Question 8

Positive reinforcement meaning

Answer 8

add a rewarding stimulus to increase the likelihood of a behaviour

Question 9

Negative reinforcement meaning

Answer 9

REMOVE unpleasant stimulus to increase the likelihood of a behaviour

Question 10

Positive Punishment

Answer 10

something adding to decrease the likelihood of a behaviour

Question 11

Negative Punishment

Answer 11

Something removed to decrease the likelihood of a behaviour

Question 12

one strength of OC(D)

Answer 12

Determinism - allows predictions

Question 13

2nd strength of OC (R)

Answer 13

Reductionism - controlled lab= more scientific + reliable + internal validity + scientific reliablity

Question 14

one weaknesses of OC (ED)

Answer 14

Environmental Determinism - ignores free will, seen as mechanistic view

Question 15

2nd Weaknesses OC (R)

Answer 15

Reductionism - oversimplifies behaviours + ignores cognitive and biological factors

Question 16

what does reinforcement always mean

Answer 16

always increases a behaviour

Question 17

what does punishment mean

Answer 17

always decrease a behaviour

Question 18

what does positive mean

Answer 18

always add

Question 19

what does negative mean

Answer 19

always remove

Question 20

Thorndike’s Law of Effect

Answer 20

reward = repeat behaviour punishment = decreases behaviour