attribution theory

Question 1

define attribution theory

Answer 1

the percieved reasons for success or failure

Question 2

what are the 4 attributions

Answer 2

1. ability
2. effort
3. task difficulty
4. luck

Question 3

draw a dragram showing the attribution theory model

Answer 3

Question 4

describe dimension 1of attribution theory

Answer 4

• LOCUS OF CAUSALITY
• internal: wihtin your control (ability & effort)
• external: out of you control (task difficulty & luck)

Question 5

describe dimension 2 of attribution thoery

Answer 5

• LOCUS OF STABILITY
• stable: things do not chnage from week to week ( ability & task difficulty)
• unstable: chnages from week to week ( effort & luck)

Question 6

describe dimension 3 of attribution theory

Answer 6

• LOCUS OF CONROL
• controllable: areas of performane you OR your coach can control e.g. commitment to traning/ effort/ tactics
• uncontrollable: areas of performance out of your control e.g. pitch conditions/ ref biased against you/ bas weather

Question 7

how should attribution be used to be effective

Answer 7

• success should be attributed to internal factors (ability & effort) - to maintain motivation and self-esteem so you keep trying (task persistance)
• failure should be attributed to external factors(task difficulty & luck) or internal, unstable factors (effort) e.g. blmaing losing of ref or bad luck (out of control)
• never attribute failure to internal stable factors (ability) as it will demotivate

Question 8

describe learned helplessness

Answer 8

• the idea that failure is inevitable
• can lead to giving up
• feel you have no control over the situation

Question 9

what is general learned helplessness

Answer 9

related to all sporting situations e.g. i can’t play sport

Question 10

what is specific learned helplessness

Answer 10

specific sporting situations e.g. i can’t take penalties in football

Question 11

how is learned helplessness caused

Answer 11

attributing failure to ability or internal stable factors

Question 12

what are strategies to prevent learned helplessness

Answer 12

• past performance accomplishments: success from previous performance
• vicarious experience: watch a successful performance
• goal setting: performance goals rather than outcome goals
• stress management: mental rehearsal

these strategies help develop approach behaviour

Question 13

define and describe features of mastery orientation

Answer 13

• the view that an individual will be motivated by becoming an expert in skill development or sports performance
• an athlete who is mastery orientated will attribute failure to internal, controllable and unstable factors such as effort and will strive to be better