b3.2 e d4.1

Question 1

what is tissue fluid

Answer 1

part of blood plasms pushed out of capillary walls into
the surrounding tissue.

Question 2

part of tissue fluid

Answer 2

water
ions
hormones
aa
co2
o2

Question 3

function of tissue fluid

Answer 3

facilitates exchangw of susbtanced between blood and cells

Question 4

plasma vs tissue fluid

Answer 4

plasma= liquid part of blood within vessels

tissue fluid= bathes space between cells (no proteins cause cant pass throgh capillary wall)

Question 5

tissue fluid moves out of blood capillaries due to

Answer 5

high hydrostatic pressure at arterial end of capillary

Question 6

the tissue fluid will go back into capillaries at the

Answer 6

venule end due to less pressure

Question 7

adaptations of lymph ducts

Answer 7

valves (ensure flow is 1 direction)

thin walls and gaps: allow drainning excessive tissue fluid

Question 8

overproduction

Answer 8

producing more offspring than will survive as this mantains a constant population

Question 9

graph for birth and death rate

Answer 9

Birth rate > death rate = exponential growth

Question 10

4 factors that cause genetic variation

Answer 10

1. gene mutations
2. crossing over NON SISTER ChROMATIDS
3. random orentation of homologous chromososmes
4. random fertilisation

Question 11

summarised how evolution happens

Answer 11

organisms have different alleles (long neck)

competition for limited resources (tall trees, no grass)

those w speciifc alleles will be better suited, so have more resources so more offspring, while those w/o alleles dont have many offsrping

the offspring will have the alleles also (for long necks)

over time, those alleles passed on

genetic makeup of popu change

Question 12

biological fittness is

Answer 12

the ability of an organism to reprodue and pass on its genetic material to its offsrping

Question 13

what determines biological fittness

Answer 13

enviroment where individual livs (depends what traits are best)

survival rate (can it survive to reproduce?)

reproductive potetial (can it attract mates, care for offspring and have workig gametes?)

Question 14

why does sexual selection happen

Answer 14

cause not worried about daily survival

Question 15

different alleles result from

Answer 15

mutations, can cause gene mutations

Question 16

mutations are….. and occur during…. and can be from

Answer 16

errors

occur during dna replication and repain

mutagens (cause mutations)

Question 17

types of mutations

Answer 17

base subsitution (t changes w c)

cauaee SNPs (often no effect due to degenerative nature of dna)

or base insetion or base deletion

changes everything as it is a frame shift

Question 18

where do mutations have to happen to get passed on

Answer 18

in germline cells as they divide to form gametes

will be in every cell of zygote

Question 19

inheritance of mutated genes in germ cells and cancer in somatic cells.

Answer 19

mutations in gametes will be passed to all offsrping,

while mutations in somatic cells wont be