mock

Question 1

tetranucleotide hypothesis

Answer 1

Chargaff’s data falsified the tetranucleotide hypothesis which was there was a repeating sequence of the four bases in DNA.

his data showed amount of pyridines and purines

Question 2

positive vs negative feedback

Answer 2

negative feedback reverses a change to bring the system back to a stable set point, crucial for maintaining internal balance (homeostasis).

while positive feedback amplifies the initial stimulus, driving a process to completion (blood clotting) away from original

Question 3

intraspecies vs interspecies competition

Answer 3

intra is same species

inter is diff

Question 4

genone vs transcriptome vs proteome

Answer 4

the genome is the entire DNA blueprint in a cell (same in all cells),

transcriptome is the subset of genes actively transcribed into RNA (mRNA, tRNA, rRNA) at a specific time (varies by cell type/condition),

the proteome is the complete set of proteins produced from that transcriptome,

Question 5

role of promoter

Answer 5

non-coding DNA before a gene,

binding site for RNA polymerase and transcription factors to initiate transcription

Question 6

role of telomere

Answer 6

is a protective, repetitive DNA sequence at the end of a chromosome

prevent DNA ends from fraying

Question 7

number of h bonds for bases

Answer 7

a and t= 2

c and g= 3

Question 8

purines vs pyridines structure

Answer 8

purines have a double-ring structure, while pyrimidines have a single-ring structure

Question 9

what does uracil replace

Answer 9

thymine

Question 10

alternative splicing

Answer 10

The selective removal of specific exons

produce variants of a protein from a single gene

Question 11

codon vs anticodon

Answer 11

codon 3 nucleotide seqyence on mRNA specificies aa

Anticodon: 3nucleotide sequence on tRNA that bins to codon, ensuring correct aa brought to ribosome