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Question 1

Keystones species

Answer 1

one whih has a disporportionately large impact on the comminity from its abundance

Question 2

bio accumulation vs biomagnification

Question 3

The distance between the inner and outer membranes, is always very small.What is the advantage of this
small distance?

Answer 3

Enables a high concentration of protonsto build up quickly

Question 4

a. alpha helix

Answer 4

type of secondary structure /second level of protein structure;
c. maintained by hydrogen bonds;

Question 5

(c) Outline the role of tRNA in hemoglobin synthesis.

Answer 5

a. decoding/translation (of the genetic code/RNA base sequence);
b. carries/brings one amino acid
(corresponding to codon/anticodon);
c. tRNA has an anticodon which pairs with mRNA/is complementary to a mrna codon

Question 6

Photolysis occurs within the ……

Answer 6

thylakoid lumen of the chloroplast

Question 7

wavelenght of visible loght

Answer 7

red = 625nm

green= 550nm

violet = 400 nm

Question 8

interphase outline part of cell cycle

Answer 8

a. growth/increase in cell size;
b. division of mitochondria/chloroplasts/production of more
organelles

c. replication of DNA/amount of DNA is doubled;
d. transcription of genes/production of mRNA;
e. protein synthesis;
f. cell respiration/production of ATP

Question 9

nuclesomes impact transcription of dna by

Answer 9

prevent transcrition due to supercoiling

or can promote its transcription

Question 10

in mitochondria, where does acetyl CoA form

Answer 10

in matrix

Question 11

immunofluorescence in light microscopy attatches a

Answer 11

fluorescent stain to an antigen

Question 12

bacterial dna has no…… of dna

Answer 12

coiling or organisation

Question 13

how does the body reduce heat in exercise

Answer 13

Increase blood flow to skin removes heat

Question 14

purines vs pyrimidines

Answer 14

purines Adenine and guanine

pyrimidines cytosine and thymine

Question 15

binomal system is

Answer 15

genus species

Question 16

a clade is a

Answer 16

a single common ancestor and all of its descendants, living or extinct, forming a complete branch on the phylogenetic tree of life

Question 17

polyploidy is

Answer 17

the state where a cell or organism has more than two complete sets of chromosomes

happens more in plants

Question 18

Adaptive radiation in biology is

Answer 18

a rapid evolutionary process where a single ancestral species diversifies into numerous new species,

Question 19

anthropogenic extension

Answer 19

caused by huan activities

Question 20

dna polymerase In dna replication does…..

Answer 20

coalent bonds to bod new dna ncleotides together

Question 21

direction of dna gets built vs direction of dna polymerase

Answer 21

5’ 3’

vs
3’5

Question 22

chargeof dna and names or charged places in gel electrophoresis

Answer 22

negative

anode positive
cathode negative

Question 23

role of helicase e dna polymerase

Answer 23

during semi conservative dna replication, helicase unwinds and unzips dna first, then dna polymerase begins synthesising new strand

Question 24

codon vs anticodon ans they work with

Answer 24

codon is a three-nucleotide sequence on messenger RNA (mRNA) that specifies an amino acid,

anticodon is the complementary three-nucleotide sequence on transfer RNA (tRNA) that carries that specific amino acid

work in translation

Question 25

change of bases in rna

Answer 25

no thymine, only uracil bonds to adenine

Question 26

role of codon

Answer 26

carries genetic message from dna to ribosome to be read during translaion

Question 27

role of anticodon

Answer 27

Binds to its matching mRNA codon on the ribosome, ensuring the correct amino acid (carried by that tRNA) is added to the growing polypeptide chain