low red cell mass
Increased plasma volume
Hyperdynamic circulation
Decreased BP due to decreased PVR
Increased CO
increased HR
Sidereoblastic
Iron-deficiency (most common)
Thalassaemia
MCV too low for Hb level
High RBC count
Iron - high
Ferritin - high
TIBC - low
they are iron accumulation disorders
Acute blood loss Haemolysis Bone marrow failure Renal failure Hypothyroidism (stimulate growth of erythroid) Pregnancy Anaemia of chronic disease
platelets
WCC
B12/folate deficiency Alcohol excess Liver disease Reticulocytosis Cytotoxics Myelodysplastic syndromes marrow infiltration hypothyroidism antifolate drugs
Haemolytic anaemia
binds free hemoglobin released from erythrocytes
haemolytic anaemia
mixed anaemia
poor iron absorption (micro)
Poor folate absorption (macro)
Severe anaemia + heart failure
+furosemide
130-180 g/L
115-160 g/L
76-96 fL
150-400 x 10^9/L
4-11 x 10^9 /L
headache
tinnitus
anorexia
angina (if CAD present)
normo or macro (^reticulocytes)
> 2%
>100x10^9/L
basal crackles
rising JVP