HAEMATOLOGY > [sicklecell] > Flashcards

[sicklecell] Flashcards

(41 cards)

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1
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Beta

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2
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Glutamic acid –> valine

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3
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HbS

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4
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africans

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5
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heterozygotes (HbAS)

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6
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anaemia

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7
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heterozygote (HbAS)

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8
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hypoxia

anaethesia/enclosed spaces etc

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9
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vessels occluded by build up of sickle cells leading to painful ischaemia

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10
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thalassaemia

HbC

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11
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polymerisation of deformed HbS when deoxygenated

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12
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sickle cells are fragile

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13
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sickle cells

Target cells

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14
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Hb electrophoresis

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15
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allows distinction between HbSS and HbAS

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16
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at birth (cord blood)

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17
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pneumococcal prophylaxis

18
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sickle cell reduces spleen function i.e.immunocompromised

19
Q
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vaso-occlusive crisis

20
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acute abdomen

21
Q
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vaso-occlusive crisis

22
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23
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bone

e.g. avascular necrosis of femoral head

24
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25
[sicklecell]: which virus is associated with an aplastic crisis
parvovirus b19 | invades and destroys reticulocytes
26
[sicklecell]: An aplastic crisis results in a reduction in
especially RBCs
27
[sicklecell]: why do sequestration crises usally affect children
the spleen hasnt undergone atrophy
28
[sicklecell]: what is a sequestration crisis
intrasplenic trapping of RBCs usually affecting children
29
[sicklecell]: what is the main acute medical emergency associated with SC
sequestration crisis death in 1-2 hours due to circulatory failure
30
[sicklecell]: 40% of SC deaths are caused by .... due to splenic occlusion
infection
31
[sicklecell]: Tx: 1st line in an acute crisis?
hydroxycarbamide
32
[sicklecell]: Tx: what is the MOA of the 1st line drug used in an acute crisis?
increases the level of HbF
33
[sicklecell]: Tx: only curative treatment?
bone marrow transplant
34
[sicklecell]: Tx: for sequestration crisis
urgent transfusion
35
[sicklecell]: CRISIS: in which crisis do patients get prodromal painful crisis 2.5 days before?
acute chest syndrome
36
[sicklecell]: CRISIS: what is the pathophysiology behind
pulmonary infiltrates
37
[sicklecell]: CRISIS: acute chest syndrome symptoms (3)
tachypnoea pain fever
38
[sicklecell]: CRISIS: what is the Tx for acute chest syndrome (4)
O2 analgesia emirical antibiotics transfusion if severe (X-match)
39
[sicklecell]: CRISIS: what is the most common infiltrates into the lung in acute chest syndrome (2)
fat embolism | infection
40
[sicklecell]: CRISIS: what are the most common infectiour organisms in acute chest syndrome (2)
chlamydia | mycoplasma
41
[sicklecell]: Tx: what is the indication for blood transfusion? (3)
severe chest crisis CNS event multiorgan failure
HAEMATOLOGY
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