Chapter 2

Question 1

What are the 6 levels of health care?

Answer 1

1. preventative: primary care settings
   
   • immunizations, BP screenings, nutrition counseling, etc.
2. primary: clinics
   
   • health promotion, well-baby checks
3. secondary: acute
   
   • urgent care, ED, inpatient hospital units, radiology, etc.
4. tertiary: highly specialized
   
   • ICU, inpatient psych, oncology, cardiology, neurology, etc.
5. restorative: rehab
   
   • SCI (spinal cord injury) units, home care, sports medicine, ortho
6. continuing health care: long-term care
   
   • adult day care, assisted living

Question 2

Distinguish the different levels of health care based on their focuses.

Answer 2

– preventative & primary – focus on health promotion

– secondary & tertiary – focus on diagnosis and treatment

• a key difference is that because these are inpatient levels of care, discharge planning becomes a priority

– restorative – focus on regaining highest quality of life after recovey

– continuing – focus on comfort and quality of life with disease

Question 3

Differentiate between respite, palliative, and hospice care.

Answer 3

– respite care: provides short-term relief or “time off” for people providing home care to an individual who is ill, disabled, or frail

• trained volunteers enable family caregivers to leave the home for errands or social time

– palliative care: patient- and family-centered care approach with a goal of improving the quality of life of patients and families who are experiencing problems related to life-threatening illnesses.

– hospice care: focuses on palliative (not curative) care; usually there is a timeframe associated in order to qualify