Chapter 41

Question 1

What is ventilation, perfusion, and diffusion?

Answer 1

– ventilation: movement of gases into and out of the lungs (inhalation and exhalation)

– perfusion: CV system pumps oxygenated blood to tissues and returns deoxygenated blood to lungs

– diffusion: exchange of respiratory gases in alveoli and capillaries

Question 2

Differentiate between left-sided heart failure and right-sided heart failure and how they affect oxygenation.

Answer 2

– left-sided heart failure:

• left ventricle isn’t pumping blood to the body effectively
• blood backs up in the pulmonary veins –> excess fluid volume –> presents as SOB and coughing

– right-sided heart failure:

• right ventricle is too weak to pump blood to the lungs
• blood backs up in the tissues of the body –> presents as SOB and edema