Chapter 3 part 2

Question 1

Define behavioural assessment

Answer 1

i. Use of direct observation to formally assess the patients thoughts, feelings, and behaviour in specific context
ii. The goal is to examine the causes of certain target behaviours

Question 2

What are the ABCs of observation?

Answer 2

1. Antecedent
   
   • prior events or triggers
2. Behaviour
   
   • The actual action of interest
3. Consequence
   
   • the results and consequences of behaviour

Question 3

Define formal observation

Answer 3

1. Identifying specific behaviours that are both specific and measureable

Question 4

Define informal observation

Answer 4

1. Rough notes during visit, elaboration later

Question 5

Define self-monitoring

Answer 5

i. The patient themselves are the observer that report to clinician
ii. Used to gather more detailed information

Question 6

What does self-reporting suffer from?

Answer 6

Reactivity: presence of observation changes behaviour

Question 7

What are the three types of psychological test categories?

Answer 7

1. Projective testing
2. Personality inventories
3. Intelligence testing

Question 8

Define Rorschach ink blots

Answer 8

1. Early projective test that was criticized for lack of reliability and validity

Question 9

Define comprehensive projective system

Answer 9

1. Attempted to standardize the Roschach ink blot

Question 10

Define thematic appreciation test

Answer 10

1. Asked to make a dramatic story about picture presented
2. Reveals the personality of a person
3. Widely used

Question 11

Define the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)

Answer 11

1. Psychological test that relies solely on empirical evidence
2. The person must answer yes/no questions about their personality
3. The entire list of responses is then compared to the data base to see what disorder the responses are similar to

Question 12

Define the revised pscyhopathy list

Answer 12

1. Addresses the type and severity of psychopathy using a semi-structured interview that has a 20-point checklist

Question 13

Define IQ test

Answer 13

predicts how well you will do in the EDUCATION system

Question 14

Define neuropsychological testing

Answer 14

Essentially measures brain dysfunction

Does have some problems with false positives and negatives

Question 15

What are the five areas that are measured in neuropsychological testing?

Answer 15

1. Verbal IQ
2. Spatial IQ
3. Memory
4. Ability to think abstractly
5. Motor skills

Question 16

What two techniques measure brain structure?

Answer 16

Cat scan and MRI

Question 17

What is the uses of techniques like CAT scan and MRI?

Answer 17

1. Identify brain damage

2. Identify abnormalities associated with specific disorders

Question 18

What are three techniques used to measure brain function?

Answer 18

i. Positron Emission Tomography
ii. Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)
iii. Functional MRI

Question 19

Define PET

Answer 19

1. Tracer substance is highlighted in the brain, indicating which regions are active/inactive
2. Can be super-imposed onto an MRI

Question 20

What is a major function of PET

Answer 20

a. Used to look at how patterns of metabolism affect different disorders

Question 21

Define SPECT

Answer 21

Much cheaper, but slightly less precise image option for PET

Question 22

Define functional MRI

Answer 22

1. An MRI that measures function of the brain\

2. This technique has largely replaced pet

Question 23

Define Event-Related MRI

Answer 23

a. Allows for immediate measure of brains response to stimuli