Chapter 32

Question 1

Animal Characteristics

• animals are all ___
• animals are all chemo___
• most animals ___ their food
• animals have no ___ ___
• animals use ___ ___ for support
• most animals have a ___ system
• most animals have a ___ system

Answer 1

• multicellular
• chemoheterotrophs
• ingest
• cell walls
• structural proteins
• nervous
• muscular

Question 2

most animals utilize ___ reproduction, although ___ reproduction is not rare

Answer 2

• sexual

- asexual

Question 3

animals have a small, motile and flagellated, male reproductive cell called ___

Answer 3

sperm

Question 4

animals have a large non-motile female reproductive cell called ___

Answer 4

egg

Question 5

the haploid reproductive cells fuse to form a ___

Answer 5

zygote

Question 6

the zygote starts dividing and forms into ___, a multicellular hollow ball

Answer 6

blastula

Question 7

___ occurs next forming embryonic tissues, this stage is called the ___

Answer 7

• Gastrulation

- gastrula

Question 8

many animals have a ___ stage, an early non-reproductive stage

Answer 8

larval

Question 9

animals without tissue

-sponges are the only living examples

Answer 9

parazoa

Question 10

animals with tissues

-all animals except sponges

Answer 10

eumetazoa

Question 11

a group of cells with similar structure and function

Answer 11

tissues

Question 12

___ are divided into 2 groups based on their symmetry which are ___ and ___

Answer 12

Eumetazoa

-radial symmetry and bilateral symmetry

Question 13

radial symmetry

• have a ___ and ___ but no head end or rear and no left and right
• live in ___
• ___- jellyfish and comb jellies

Answer 13

• top and bottom
• water
• Radiata

Question 14

Bilateral symmetry

• ___ symmetry
• have a ___ and a ___ side
• have a ___ and a ___
• have a ___ and a ___
• bilateral animals tend to concentrate sensory organs in their anterior end (___)

Answer 14

• two-sided
• left, right
• top, bottom
• front, back
• cephalization

Question 15

during ___, different layers of tissue develop

3

Answer 15

gastrulation

-ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm

Question 16

• the outer tissue layer

- gives rise to the outer covering of animals

Answer 16

ectoderm

Question 17

• the inner layer

- gives rise to the digestive tract and associated organs

Answer 17

endoderm

Question 18

found between the ectoderm and the endoderm

• forms the muscles and many of the organs
• not found in the radiate (cnidarians and ctenophores)

Answer 18

mesoderm

Question 19

bilateral animals are divided into 3 different groups based on body cavities which are…

Answer 19

acoelomates, pseudocoelomates, and coelomates

Question 20

• have a solid body with no cavities between the layers of tissue
• example: flatworms

Answer 20

acoelomates

Question 21

• have a cavity (pseudocoelom) between the endoderm and the mesoderm
• includes rotifers and roundworms

Answer 21

pseudocoelomates

Question 22

have a cavity (coelom) surrounded by the mesoderm

Answer 22

coelomates

Question 23

there are two groups of coelomates based on embryonic development: ___ and ___

Answer 23

protostomes

deuterostomes

Question 24

the zygote cleavage of protostomes is ___ and ___

Answer 24

spiral

determinate

Question 25

the zygote cleavage of deuterstomes is ___ and ___

Answer 25

radial | indeterminate

Question 26

the process of gastrulation forms the first opening, the ___

Answer 26

blastopore

Question 27

in protostomes the blastopore develops into the ___

Answer 27

mouth

Question 28

in deuterstomes the blastopore develops into the ___

Answer 28

anus