Chapter 5 Flashcards

(90 cards)

1
Q

What system only has one huge organ and what is it

A

The integumentary system: Skin

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2
Q

How much do the skin weight on an average adult

A

20 pounds / 16%

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3
Q

What is the heaviest body organ

A

The skin

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4
Q

What nutrients does the sun help with

A

Vitamin D

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5
Q

Sense receptors permit the body to respond to:

A

Pain, pressure, touch, texture, vibrations, and change of temp

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6
Q

The skin’s primary function is

A

Protections regulation of body temp, synthesis of chemicals, sense organs

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7
Q

What is function of the skeletal system

A

Support, movement, and stores minerals (calcium and phosphorus)

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8
Q

How many bones do the body have

A

206 bones

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9
Q

Where does hematopoietic happen (blood cell formation)

A

The skeletal system

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10
Q

Connection between 2 or more bones

A

Joints

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11
Q

What system do the tendons belong to

A

The muscle system

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12
Q

Are all bones the same?

A

Individuals have variable of bones that differ

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13
Q

Where is costal cartilage located

A

Thoracic cavity

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14
Q

Young people bones are as strong as blank

A

Steel (bones r not stiff tho)

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15
Q

Function of muscular system

A

Movement, maintenance, body posture, body temp,

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16
Q

What contracts and shorten

A

Muscles

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17
Q

Ligaments

A

Bands of fibrous connective tissue that help hold bones

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18
Q

Cartilage

A

Cushion bones that are linked together

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19
Q

Reflex

A

Occasional involuntary movement

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20
Q

Tendon

A

Dense sheet of regular dense fibrous connective tissue

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21
Q

When does movement of the muscle happen

A

When the muscles contract and shorten

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22
Q

Function of nervous system

A

Communication, unifying, control and recognition of sensory stimuli

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23
Q

PNS

A

Peripheral nervous system

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24
Q

CNS

A

Control nervous system

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25
What makes up the CNS
Brain and spinal cord
26
What makes up the PNS
Nerves
27
Control is fast and short
Nervous
28
System functions by production of nerve impulses caused by various types
Nervous system
29
Neurons equal
Nerves impulses
30
PNS can detect certain stimuli like
Heat, lights, sound, pressure, temp change
31
What two systems perform the same system
Endocrine and nervous system
32
How do the endocrine and nervous sister differ even tho they are similar
One works with hormone and one has nerve stimuli to control
33
Where is the adrenal gland located
Kidneys (not in the abdomen)
34
What cavity is the thymus located in
Thoracic cavity
35
Control is slow and long
Endocrine system
36
Location: pituitary, pineal and hypothalamus
Brain
37
Location: thyroid and parathyroid
Neck
38
Thymus gland
Breast plate
39
Location :Adrenal gland
Kidneys (back)
40
Plays an important role in electrolytes and and acid base balance
Endocrine gland
41
Location: Pancreas
Stomach
42
What plays an important part in electrolytes balance and acid-base balance
Hormones
43
Hormones go directly into the blood
Endocrine system
44
Widely distributed in the entire body
Endocrine glands
45
What does the cardiovascular system consist of
Heart and closed systems of feels made up of arteries, veins, and capillaries
46
Widely distributed in the body
Endocrine glands
47
What are the functions of the cardiovascular system
Transportations, immunity (body defense) regulate body temp
48
What are the structures of the cardiovascular system
Heart, blood vessels, arteries, veins, capillaries
49
Rich oxygen that goes away from the heart and to the cells
Arteries
50
Deoxygenated that goes to the heart
Veins
51
The movement of O2 in the cardiovascular system
O2 < pulmonary vein < left atrium < left ventricle < aorta < to body
52
Instead of blood, what do the lymphatic vessels contain
Lymph; a watery fluid that contains lymphocytes, proteins and some fatty molecules
53
What two systems work together to provide the body’s internal defense
Lymphatic and immune system
54
What does the lymphatic system NOT HAVE
Red blood cells
55
What type of people have to take medicine for the rest of their lives because the immune system like to fight back
Donors and transplant patients
56
How does lymph enter the cardiovascular system
Passing through ducts such as the thoracic ducts
57
What helps the lymphatic system trap and destroy bacterial cells
Phagocytosis
58
Filters that traps particles
Lymph nodes
59
Location of lymph nodes
Axillary and groin area
60
What makes up the immune system
All of the body’s defense system (White blood cells)
61
The function of the immune system
Protects us from disease causing microorganisms and help us us react appropriately to various irritants and injuries
62
Produce antibodies
Immune system
63
Pharynx
Throat
64
Larynx
Voice box
65
Trachea
Windpipe
66
Structure of the respiratory system
Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs
67
Function of respiratory system
Facilitate the movement of air into alveoli
68
Plays a major role in inflating the lungs during breathing
Diaphragm
69
What else does the respiratory system regulate
Acid-base balance
70
Slow shallow breaths
Respiratory acidosis (buildup of CO2 in the blood)
71
Fast deep breath is
respiratory alkalosis (The excessive loss of acidic causes your blood's pH to rise)
72
Skeletal muscle that helps to protect the lungs
Diaphragm
73
Alimentary canal; digestive tract that is made up of the primary organs like
Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestines, large intestines, rectum and anal canal
74
What does the gastrointestinal (GI) Include
Stomach and intestines
75
Tube from the mouth to the Anus
Alimentary canal
76
Accesory digestive organs
Teeth, salivary glands, tongue, liver, gall bladder, pancreas and appendix
77
78
Undigested residue and other waste secretes into the digestive tract and is eliminated as
Feces (poop)
79
Function of the digestive system
Mechanical and chemical breakdown of food, absorption of nutrients, and elimination of undigested waste
80
Inflammation of appendix (not a functional part of the digestive system)
Appendicitis
81
Structures of the urinary system
Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
82
Function of Urinary system
Cleaning blood of waste, water balance, acid base balance, electrolyte balance
83
Waste product produced by the kidneys
Urine
84
Transport of urine
Urine flows from the kidneys, through the ureters, into the urinary bladder, where it’s temporarily stored, it passes from the bladder to the urethra
85
In males the urethra…
Has urinary and reproductive function
86
Function of the reproductive system
To ensure the survival of the human gene
87
88
Reproductive structure of males: Gonads, genitalia, accessory glands, support
Gonads: testes Genitalia ducts: vas deferents, urethra Accessory glands: prostate Support: penis and scrotum
89
Reproductive structure of women: Gonads, genitalia, accessory glands, support
Gonads: Ovaries Accesory Organs: uterus, fallopian tube, vagina Support: genitalia (vulva) mammary glands (breasts)
90
Fatty extension of the skin
Breast