7th Grade - History > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

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1
Q

When did the Second Continental Congress begin meeting?

A

May 10, 1775

This marked the start of a significant period in American history as the Congress took control of the Continental Army.

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2
Q

What action did the Second Continental Congress take?

A

Took control of the Continental Army

This was a pivotal step in organizing the colonies’ military efforts against British rule.

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3
Q

Who was in charge of the Continental Army?

A

George Washington

Washington’s leadership was crucial in the fight for American independence.

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4
Q

The Olive Branch Petition was sent to whom and was it successful?

A

Sent to King George III; no, it was not successful

The petition aimed to avoid war but was ignored by the king.

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5
Q

What is the difference between Patriots and Loyalists?

A
  • Patriots wanted freedom and representation
  • Loyalists were content with rule by the king

This division significantly influenced the dynamics of the American Revolution.

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6
Q

What was the third group of colonists called?

A

Neutral colonists

These individuals did not align with either the Patriots or Loyalists.

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7
Q

When did Boston get freed of British rule?

A

March 1776

This event was a key moment in the American Revolution.

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8
Q

What might slaves be granted if they fought with the British?

A

FREEDOM

This promise was part of the British strategy to recruit enslaved people during the war.

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9
Q

Who did the Native Americans side with and why?

A

British because the American colonists had made them angry through expansion

Native American alliances were crucial in the conflict.

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10
Q

Who wrote Common Sense?

A

Thomas Paine

This pamphlet was influential in swaying public opinion towards independence.

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11
Q

What was the significance of Common Sense?

A

Turned some neutral colonists towards supporting independence

It played a vital role in shaping the revolutionary sentiment.

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12
Q

On what date did the Continental Congress declare independence?

A

July 4, 1776

This date is now celebrated as Independence Day in the United States.

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13
Q

Who was the main author of the Declaration of Independence?

A

Thomas Jefferson

Jefferson’s eloquent writing articulated the colonies’ desire for freedom.

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14
Q

What were the troubles in New York discussed in class?

A
  • 34,000 British troops arrive in New York City
  • British win several easy victories in the area
  • Patriots are outnumbered (4 to 1)
  • British Navy was superior
  • Inexperienced Continental Army (Patriots)

These troubles significantly impacted the early stages of the American Revolutionary War.

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15
Q

Who said, ‘I only regret that I have but one life to lose for my country.’?

A

Nathan Hale

Nathan Hale is remembered as a patriot and martyr for the American cause.

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16
Q

What were the British leaders’ mistakes in trying to split the Continental Army?

A
  • William Howe stayed in Philadelphia for the winter
  • Barry St. Leger lost a battle at Ft. Stanwix, NY
  • John Burgoyne ran out of supplies coming down from Canada

These mistakes contributed to the failure of British strategies during the war.

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17
Q

Know about the winter at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania.

A
  • Hard winter filled with hunger and sickness
  • Baron von Steuben begins training Patriot soldiers using military training

Valley Forge was a turning point for the Continental Army, enhancing their military effectiveness.

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18
Q

What were the key points about the War at Sea?

A
  • Americans used modified merchant ships
  • John Paul Jones was a famous naval officer
  • Defeated the British warship Serapis

The naval engagements were crucial for American morale and strategy.

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19
Q

Who was Benedict Arnold?

A
  • Patriot leader at Ft. Ticonderoga in May 1775
  • Becomes a British general and fights with them to the end of the war
  • Flees America to live in Britain after the war ends

Arnold is infamous for his betrayal of the American cause.

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20
Q

What are the details of the Treaty of Paris (1783)?

A
  • Ended the war and freed the colonies on September 3, 1783
  • Gave all lands east of the Mississippi River (but Florida) to America

This treaty marked the official recognition of American independence.

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21
Q

What were the post-win challenges faced by America?

A
  • American population grew quickly
  • Questioned how slavery is consistent with the ideals

These challenges highlighted the complexities of nation-building after independence.

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22
Q

What type of ships did Americans use during the War at Sea?

A
  • Modified merchant ships

These ships were adapted for naval warfare.

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23
Q

Who was John Paul Jones?

A

A famous naval officer

He is known for defeating the British warship Serapis.

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24
Q

What British warship did John Paul Jones defeat?

A

Serapis

This victory was significant for American naval morale.

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25
Who was **Benedict Arnold**?
* Patriot leader at Ft. Ticonderoga in May 1775 * Became a British general * Fled to Britain after the war ## Footnote Arnold is often remembered for his betrayal of the American cause.
26
What did **Margaret Corbin** do during the war?
Took her husband's place when he died ## Footnote She is recognized for her bravery in battle.
27
What action did **Mary Hays** take during the war?
Fired a cannon after her husband was wounded ## Footnote She is also known as Molly Pitcher.
28
What is **Anne Bailey** known for?
Daring acts against Native Americans ## Footnote She played a significant role in frontier defense.
29
What did **Nancy Hart** do during the war?
Held Loyalist men at gunpoint ## Footnote She is celebrated for her courage and resistance.
30
What did the **Treaty of Paris (1783)** accomplish?
* Ended the war * Freed the colonies on September 3, 1783 * Gave all lands east of the Mississippi River (but Florida) to America ## Footnote This treaty recognized American independence.
31
What was a post-win challenge regarding the **American population**?
Grew quickly ## Footnote This rapid growth led to various social and political challenges.
32
What question arose about **slavery** after the war?
How it is consistent with the ideals of liberty and equality ## Footnote This debate would continue to shape American society.
33
What was the growing dislike of **state-supported religion** after the war?
The Anglican Church ## Footnote Many sought greater religious freedom.
34
What was emphasized in the post-war period regarding **education**?
Reform ## Footnote There was a push for improved educational opportunities.
35
What was the **first battle** listed in the Revolutionary War Battles Worksheet?
Fort Ticonderoga ## Footnote The battle took place in New York on May 17, 1775, and was won by the Patriots.
36
Who was the **Patriot General** at the Battle of Fort Ticonderoga?
Ethan Allen ## Footnote He led the colonial troops in capturing the strategic fort.
37
What was the **outcome** of the Battle of Fort Ticonderoga?
The Patriots won ## Footnote The fort was captured and used to free Boston.
38
What was the **second battle** listed in the Revolutionary War Battles Worksheet?
The Battle of Bunker Hill ## Footnote This battle took place on June 17, 1775.
39
Who was the **Patriot General** at the Battle of Bunker Hill?
William Prescott ## Footnote He commanded the colonial forces during the battle.
40
Who was the **British General** at the Battle of Bunker Hill?
William Howe ## Footnote He led the British troops in this significant battle.
41
Where did the **Battle of Bunker Hill** take place?
Breed's Hill ## Footnote This location was crucial during the battle.
42
What was the **outcome** of the Battle of Bunker Hill?
The British won ## Footnote The British won but suffered heavier losses than the colonists.
43
What was the **significance** of the Battle of Bunker Hill?
The British won but lost twice as many men as the colonists ## Footnote This battle demonstrated the determination of the colonial forces.
44
What were the **two battles** that took place in New Jersey during the Revolutionary War?
* Trenton * Princeton ## Footnote These battles were significant victories for the Patriots under General George Washington.
45
Who was the **Patriot General** at the battles of Trenton and Princeton?
George Washington ## Footnote He played a crucial role in leading the American forces to victory.
46
What was the **outcome** of the battles of Trenton and Princeton?
Patriots won ## Footnote These victories boosted American morale during the Revolutionary War.
47
When did the **Battle of Trenton** take place?
12/24/1776 ## Footnote This battle occurred on Christmas night.
48
When did the **Battle of Princeton** take place?
1/3/1777 ## Footnote This battle followed shortly after the victory at Trenton.
49
What was the significance of the **Battle of Saratoga**?
* The British lose hope of capturing Northern colonies * France becomes an American Ally ## Footnote The Battle of Saratoga is often considered a turning point in the Revolutionary War.
50
Who was the **British General** at the Battle of Saratoga?
John Burgoyne ## Footnote His defeat at Saratoga was a significant loss for the British forces.
51
Where did the **Battle of Saratoga** take place?
New York ## Footnote This battle was fought in the fall of 1777.
52
What were the **dates** of the Battle of Saratoga?
Sept + Oct 1777 ## Footnote The battle consisted of two significant engagements.
53
Who was the **Patriot General** in the **Battle of War in the West**?
George Rogers Clark ## Footnote This battle took place in the frontier region.
54
Who was the **British General** in the **Battle of War in the West**?
Not specified ## Footnote The battle locations included Kaskaskia and Vincennes.
55
Where did the **Battle of War in the West** take place?
* Kaskaskia (IL) * Vincennes ## Footnote These locations were significant for control of the region.
56
When did the **Battle of War in the West** take place?
1778 ## Footnote This battle was crucial for the control of the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers.
57
Who won the **Battle of War in the West**?
Patriots ## Footnote The victory helped secure control of key waterways.
58
What was the **significance/importance** of the **Battle of War in the West**?
* Captured outpost * Leads to control of the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers ## Footnote This battle was pivotal for American expansion and strategy.
59
Who was the **Patriot General** in the **Battle of Charleston**?
Nathaniel Greene ## Footnote This battle was significant in the Southern campaign.
60
Who was the **British General** in the **Battle of Charleston**?
Charles Cornwallis ## Footnote His leadership was crucial in the siege.
61
Where did the **Battle of Charleston** take place?
South Carolina ## Footnote This location was a strategic point in the Revolutionary War.
62
When did the **Battle of Charleston** take place?
March - May ## Footnote The siege lasted for several months.
63
Who won the **Battle of Charleston**?
British ## Footnote This battle resulted in a significant American loss.
64
What was the **significance/importance** of the **Battle of Charleston**?
Sieged city - led to huge American loss ## Footnote This defeat had a major impact on American morale and strategy.
65
Who was the **Patriot General** at the **Battle of Kings Mountain**?
Nathaniel Greene ## Footnote The battle took place in South Carolina in October 1780.
66
Who was the **British General** at the **Battle of Kings Mountain**?
Major Patrick Ferguson ## Footnote This battle was significant for the Patriots.
67
Where did the **Battle of Kings Mountain** take place?
South Carolina ## Footnote The battle occurred in October 1780.
68
When did the **Battle of Kings Mountain** take place?
October 1780 ## Footnote This battle was a turning point for the Patriots.
69
Who won the **Battle of Kings Mountain**?
Patriots ## Footnote This victory led to more support for the Patriot cause.
70
What is one significance of the **Battle of Kings Mountain**?
* Neutral Colonists joined the Patriots * Led to another Patriot victory at Compens, SC ## Footnote This battle helped to strengthen the Patriot forces.
71
Who was the **Patriot General** at the **Battle of Yorktown**?
George Washington, Marquis de Lafayette ## Footnote This battle took place in Virginia in October 1781.
72
Who was the **British General** at the **Battle of Yorktown**?
Charles Cornwallis ## Footnote His surrender marked a significant victory for the Patriots.
73
Where did the **Battle of Yorktown** take place?
Virginia ## Footnote This battle was crucial in the American Revolutionary War.
74
When did the **Battle of Yorktown** take place?
October 1781 ## Footnote This battle effectively ended major fighting in the Revolutionary War.
75
Who won the **Battle of Yorktown**?
Patriots ## Footnote This victory led to the surrender of British forces.
76
What is one significance of the **Battle of Yorktown**?
* American and French forces forced Cornwallis to surrender * Parliament voted to end fighting in 1782 ## Footnote This battle marked the end of significant military operations in the war.
7th Grade - History
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