NCD
Non-communicable disease
Name a few NCDs
CVD: hypertension, ASCVD, stroke
Heart Ischemia
poor blood and O2 flow to heart which compromises tissue health
Heart Infarct (Heart Attack)
Blood flow is cut off, causing damage or death
Brain Ischemia
Poor blood flow and nutrients to the brain which causes nutrient and O2 deficiencies
Brain Infarct
Blood flow is cut off from brain, causing tissue death
Non-modifiable risk factors for NCDs
family history, gender, age
Modifiable risk factors for NCDs
activity, diet, stress
Type I vs Type II diabetes
Type 1: autoimmune pancreatic beta cell destruction, absolute insulin dependence, careful monitoring of glucose levels
Type 2: has predisposing risk factors: (obesity, inactivity, diet, family history)
Consequences of uncontrolled diabetes
Retinopathies, Nueropathies,
What BMI is considered obese?
BMI > 30 kg/m2
In addition to BMI, what facts about obesity make it a medical diagnosis as well as a risk factor
-fat cells are established in teens, are set for life
-produces cytokines
-releases appetite mediating signals
-these things cause body changes, making it a medical condition
What instigated the Framingham Heart Study, and how long has it been going on?
FDR dying to cerebral hemorrhage, 72 years
How has the FHS contributed to understanding NCDs
exposed etiological predisposing risk factors to CVDs, lead to understanding of NCDs and 1,2,3 prevention measures
Why are LMIC countries more burdened by NCDs than HIC countries
LMIC lose more DALYs to NCDs
What are ADLs
basic self care tasks such as dressing, eating, and bathroom
What are IADLs
activities that are more complex but still necessary for independent living
24 hour care means a loss of
ADLs
Assisted leaving means you struggle with
IADLs
What are the Personal, Public, and Global health consequences of NCDs
personal: physical and emotional impact, financial strain
Public: increases strain on hospitals/lose valuable workers
Global: all countries affected
Are NCDs a concern of teens?
yes, neglect now leads to problems later. the more teens aware of these things, the less we will see them in the future
Plasticity
Ability to respond and adapt to condition or recover from exposure during development. goes down as we get older
What is the developmental origin of diseases?
allostatic loads (the buildup of small things)
Epigenetics
how environmental and lifestyle change gene expression without altering DNA sequence
