Cranial Defects

Question 1

Cranial defects

Answer 1

1. Holoprosencephaly
2. Schizencephaly
3. Anencephaly
4. Hydrocephalus
5. Microcephaly
6. Meningocele, meningoencephalocele, and meningohydroencephalocele

Question 2

Holoprosencephaly

Answer 2

Spectrum of abnormalities in which loss of midline structures results in malformations of brain and face

Question 3

Schizencephaly

Answer 3

Large clefts occur in cerebral hemispheres

Question 4

Meningocele, meningoencephalocele, and meningohydroencephalocele

Answer 4

Opening of occipital bone

Question 5

Meningocele

Answer 5

Only meninges bulge

Question 6

Meningoencephalocele

Answer 6

Brain and meninges bulge

Question 7

Meningohydroencephalocele

Answer 7

Brain, meninges, and part of ventricle bulge

Question 8

Anencephaly

Answer 8

1. Characterized by failure of neural tube cephalic part to close
2. As a result, skull vault does not form leaving malformed brain exposed

Question 9

Hydrocephalus

Answer 9

Characterized by an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within ventricular system

Question 10

Microcephaly

Answer 10

Describes a cranial vault smaller than normal