1
Q
sildenafil brand name
A
Viagra, Revatio
2
Q
Viagra, Revatio generic name
A
sildenafil
3
Q
sildenafil therapeutic class
A
Erectile Dysfunction Agent, Pulmonary Hypertension Agent
4
Q
sildenafil dosage forms
A
- tablet
- suspension
- injectable
5
Q
sildenafil common indications
A
- erectile dysfunction
- pulmonary HTN
6
Q
sildenafil EMP
A
improvement in sexual function, BPH symptoms, or respiratory symptoms
7
Q
sildenafil MOA
A
Inhibition of phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) by sildenafil increases the amount of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (GMP) enhancing erectile function and pulmonary vasculature relaxation. Cyclic GMP causes smooth muscle relaxation and increased blood flow into the corpus cavernosum and vasodilation in the pulmonary bed
8
Q
sildenafil patient consultation
A
- Take 30 min-4 hrs prior to anticipated sexual activity
- Do not take more frequently than once q24h for erectile dysfunction
9
Q
tadalafil brand name
A
Cialis
10
Q
Cialis generic name
A
tadalafil
11
Q
tadalafil therapeutic class
A
- erectile dysfunction agent
- pulmonary hypertension agent
12
Q
tadalafil dosage forms
A
tablet
13
Q
tadalafil common indications
A
- Erectile dysfunction
- Benign prostatic hyperplasia
- Pulmonary HTN
14
Q
tadalafil EMP
A
Improvement in sexual function, BPH symptoms, or respiratory symptoms
15
Q
tadalafil MOA
A
Inhibition of phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) by tadalafil enhances erectile function by increasing the amount of cyclic GMP enhancing erectile function and pulmonary vasculature relaxation. Cyclic GMP causes smooth muscle relaxation and increased blood flow into the corpus cavernosum and vasodilation in the pulmonary bed.
16
Q
tadalafil patient consultation
A
- If taking as needed, take 30 min prior to anticipated sexual activity
- Do not take more frequently than q24h
- Seek medical attention if chest pain, erection lasting >4 h, tinnitus, dizziness, or SOB
17
Q
estradiol brad name
A
Estrace, Vivelle Dot, Estraderm
18
Q
Estrace, Vivelle Dot, Estraderm generic name
A
estradiol
19
Q
estradiol therapeutic class
A
estrogen
20
Q
estradiol dosage forms
A
- Tablet
- Injectable
- Vaginal ring -Transdermal Patch (once or twice weekly)
- Various topical formulations (gel, cream, aerosol spray)
21
Q
estradiol common indications
A
- Abnormal vasomotor function
- Atrophic vulva or vagina
- Breast cancer
- Carcinoma or prostate
- Decreased estrogen level
- Postmenopausal osteoporosis
22
Q
estradiol EMP
A
- Improvement in menopause symptoms
- Improved BMD for postmenopausal osteoporosis
- Routine Cancer and laboratory screening
- Decreased postmenopausal osteoporosis
23
Q
estradiol MOA
A
produce characteristic effects on specific tissues (such as breast), cause proliferation of vaginal and uterine mucosa, increase calcium deposition in bone and accelerate epiphyseal closure after initial growth stimulation.
24
Q
estradiol patient consultation
A
- Report abnormal vaginal bleeding or signs/symptoms of a thromboembolic disorder
- Do not smoke during therapy, as this increases the risk of thromboembolic events
- Place patch on clean, dry skin, preferably on the lower abdomen, upper quadrant of buttock, or outer aspect of hip - do not apply to the breasts or waistline
- Rotate sites of application with 1 wk allowed between applications to a particular site
25
conjugated estrogen brand name
Premarin
26
Premarin generic name
conjugated estrogens
27
conjugated estrogens therapeutic class
estrogen hormone
28
conjugated estrogens dosage forms
- tablet
- injectable
- vaginal cream
29
conjugated estrogens common indications
- Abnormal vasomotor function
- Atrophy of vagina or vulva
- Postmenopausal osteoporosis
- Female hypogonadism syndrome
- Primary ovarian failure
30
conjugated estrogens EMP
- Resolution of clinical signs of abnormal bleeding, hot flashes, or other symptoms
- Prevention of osteoporosis
31
conjugated estrogens MOA
act through binding to nuclear receptors in estrogen-responsive tissues. Circulating estrogens modulate the pituitary secretion of the gonadotropins, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), through a negative-feedback mechanism
32
conjugated estrogens patient consultation
Discuss potential long-term adverse effects of hormone therapy including MI, stroke, DVT, PE, and breast cancer
33
monophasic brand name
ortho-Novum, Yaz
34
ortho-Novum, Yaz generic name
monophasic
35
monophasic therapeutic class
oral contraceptive
36
monophasic dosage forms
tablet
37
monophasic common inications
- contraception
- acne
38
monophasic EMP
- improvement in acne
- improvement in menstrual symptoms
39
monophasic MOA
As contraceptives, estrogens suppress follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) to inhibit ovulation, cause edematous endometrial changes that are hostile to implantation of the fertilized ovum, accelerate ovum transport, and produce degeneration of the corpus luteum (luteolysis). Progestins inhibit ovulation by suppression of LH, inhibit sperm capacitation, slow ovum transport, produce a thinning endometrium that hampers implantation, and cause cervical mucus changes that are hostile to sperm migration.
40
monophasic patient consultation
- Take this drug at approximately the same time each day
- If spotting occurs and no doses have been missed, continue to take tablets even if spotting continues
- Report immediately if new severe or persistent headache, blurred or loss of vision, SOB, severe leg, chest, or abdominal pain, or any abnormal vaginal bleeding occur
41
triphasic brand name
Ortho Tri-Cyclen, Ortho-Novum 7/7/7
42
Ortho Tri-Cyclen, Ortho-Novum 7/7/7 generic name
triphasic
43
triphasic therapeutic class
oral contraceptive
44
triphasic dosage forms
tablet
45
triphasic common indications
- contraception
- acne
46
triphasic EMP
- improvement in acne
- improvement in menstrual symptoms
47
triphasic MOA
As contraceptives, estrogens suppress follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) to inhibit ovulation, cause edematous endometrial changes that are hostile to implantation of the fertilized ovum, accelerate ovum transport, and produce degeneration of the corpus luteum (luteolysis). Progestins inhibit ovulation by suppression of LH, inhibit sperm capacitation, slow ovum transport, produce a thinning endometrium that hampers implantation, and cause cervical mucus changes that are hostile to sperm migration.
48
triphasic patient consultaiton
- Take this drug at approximately the same time each day
- If spotting occurs and no doses have been missed, continue to take tablets even if spotting continues
- Report immediately if new severe or persistent headache, blurred or loss of vision, SOB, severe leg, chest, or abdominal pain, or any abnormal vaginal bleeding occur
49
testosterone brand name
AndroGel, Androderm
50
AndroGel, Androderm generic name
testosterone
51
testosterone therapeutic class
androgen
52
testosterone DEA
C-III
53
testosterone dosage forms
- Topical gel
- Topical solution
- Transdermal cream
- Transdermal gel
- Gel, transdermal pump
- Transdermal patch
- Nasal gel
- Oral capsule
54
testosterone common indications
Hypogonadism in men
55
testosterone EMP
Development of secondary gender characteristics (hair growth, masculinization)
- Normalization of testosterone levels
56
testosterone MOA
endogenous androgen. Androgens are responsible for normal growth and development of male sex organs. Testosterone is involved in the growth and maturation of the prostate, seminal vesicles, penis, and scrotum; development of male hair distribution; laryngeal enlargement; vocal cord thickening; alterations in body musculature; and fat distribution
57
testosterone patient consultation
- Gel to be applied to clean, dry, intact skin of the shoulders and upper arms and/or abdomen but should not be applied to genitals. Gel should be allowed to dry well
- Swimming and showering should be avoided for 5-6 h after application
- Patients should keep application site covered, as direct skin contact can transfer drug to others. Virilization has been reported in children who were secondarily exposed to testosterone gel (coming in contact with bare skin around gel application site)
- Male patients should report too frequent or persistent erections. Female sexual partners of patients using drug should report male-like changes
- Do not use higher doses than you have been prescribed, or combine with other anabolic steroids, serious adverse effects can occur
- Seek medical attention if chest pain, shortness of breath, signs of stroke, or behavioral changes
58
levothyroxine brand name
Synthroid, Levoxyl, Levothroid
59
Synthroid, Levoxyl, Levothroid generic name
levothyroxine
60
levothyroxine therapeutic class
thyroid supplement
61
levothyroxine dosage forms
- tablet
- capsule
62
levothyroxine common indications
- Hypothyroidism
- Thyroid-stimulating hormone suppression
63
levothyroxine EMP
- Serum TSH, T3, and T4 levels
- Resolution of symptoms of hypothyroidism, fatigue, edema, hair loss, cold intolerance, and lethargy
64
levothyroxine MOA
Levothyroxine sodium is a synthetic thyroid hormone. The endogenous thyroid hormones, T3 and T4, diffuse into the cell nucleus and bind to thyroid receptor proteins attached to DNA. This hormone nuclear receptor complex activates gene transcription and synthesis of messenger RNA and cytoplasmic proteins
65
levothyroxine patient consultation
- May require 6-8 weeks for symptomatic improvement
- Avoid abrupt discontinuation
- Take on an empty stomach with water at least 30 min before food
- Avoid antacids and iron within 4 hours of dose
66
thyroid brand name
Armour Thyroid
67
Armour Thyroid generic name
thyroid
68
thyroid therapeutic class
thyroid supplement
69
thyroid dosage forms
tablet
70
thyroid common indicaitons
hypothyroidism
71
thyroid EMP
- Serum TSH, T3, and T4 levels
- Resolution of symptoms of hypothyroidism, fatigue, edema, hair loss, cold intolerance, lethargy
72
thyroid MOA
Thyroid hormone is a naturally derived thyroid replacement containing both levothyroxine (T4) and liothyronine (T3). The endogenous thyroid hormones, T3 and T4, diffuse into the cell nucleus and bind to thyroid receptor proteins attached to DNA. This hormone nuclear receptor complex activates gene transcription and synthesis of messenger RNA and cytoplasmic proteins.
73
thyroid patient consultation
- May require 6-8 weeks for symptomatic improvement
- Do not stop using this medicine suddenly without asking your doctor - may need to slowly decrease dose before stopping it completely
- Take on an empty stomach with water
74
metformin brand name
Glucophage
75
Glucophage generic name
metformin
76
metformin therapeutic class
Biguanide, antihyperglycemic
77
metformin dosage forms
- tablet
- extended release tablet
- solution
78
metformin common indications
- T2DM
- Polycystic ovary syndrome
79
metformin EMP
- HbA1c < 7% - monitored every 3-6 months
80
metformin MOA
a biguanide antihyperglycemic agent. It does not affect insulin secretion; rather, it reduces hepatic glucose production and enhances glucose utilization by muscle.
81
metformin patient consulation
- Take with meals
- Drink plenty of liquids to improve elimination of metformin
- Avoid alcohol; this increases risk of lactic acidosis
82
glimepiride brand name
Amaryl
83
Amaryl generic name
glimepiride
84
glimepiride therapeutic class
Second-Generation Sulfonylurea, Antidiabetic
85
glimepiride dosage forms
tablet
86
glimepiride common indications
T2DM
87
glimepiride EMP
Preprandial blood glucose between 80 and 130 mg/dL
- HbA1c < 7%
88
glimepiride MOA
Sulfonylureas enhance insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells and potentiate insulin action on several extrahepatic tissues. Long-term sulfonylureas increase peripheral utilization of glucose, suppress hepatic gluconeogenesis, and possibly increase the sensitivity and/or number of peripheral insulin receptors.
89
glimepiride patient consultation
- Monitor blood glucose
- If <70 mg/dL, eat non-sugar-free candy, glucose tablets, or drink a glass of juice and contact prescriber
- Take with food or milk in the morning
- Use sunscreen and avoid sunlamps and tanning beds
- Do not drink alcohol - may cause a disulfiram reaction
90
glipizide brand name
Glucotrol
91
Glucotrol generic name
glipizide
92
glipizide therapeutic class
Second-Generation Sulfonylurea, Antidiabetic
93
glipizide dosage forms
- Tablet
- Extended-release tablet
94
glipizide common indicaitons
T2DM
95
glipizide EMP
- Preprandial blood glucose between 80 and 130 mg/dL
- HbA1c < 7%
96
glipizide MOA
Sulfonylureas enhance insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells and potentiate insulin action on several extrahepatic tissues. Long-term sulfonylureas increase peripheral utilization of glucose, suppress hepatic gluconeogenesis, and possibly increase the sensitivity and/or number of peripheral insulin receptors.
97
glipizide patient consultation
- Monitor blood glucose
- If <70 mg/dL, eat non-sugar-free candy, glucose tablets, or drink a glass of juice and contact prescriber
- Use sunscreen and avoid sunlamps and tanning beds
- Do not drink alcohol - may cause a disulfiram reaction
- Take 30 mins before morning meal
- Do not chew or crush extended-release formulation
