Digestive System

Question 1

What are the processes of the digestive system

Answer 1

ingestion
secretion
propulsion/ churning
digestion
absorption
defecation

Question 2

label the organs of the digestive system using the stages of digestion as flow chart

Question 3

types of teeth

Answer 3

32 teeth
canines
molars
premolars
incisers

Question 4

Function of the different types of teeth

Question 5

types of salivary glands

Answer 5

sublingual = below the tongue
submandibular = below cheek
parotid = near the ear

Question 6

what are the bones in your face

Question 7

what is tongue

Answer 7

muscle
bottom of tongue attached to bottom of mouth attached by phrenulum

Question 8

what are the two main muscles in the jaw/ cheek

Answer 8

masseter
buccinator

Question 9

how does food pass down oesophagus

Answer 9

peristalsis

Question 10

what is cardiac sphintor

Answer 10

muscle that allows food to enter stomach

Question 11

what chews food

Answer 11

teeth = turns food into a bolus shape
tongue = moves it to back of the oral cavity
muscles of cheek

Question 12

what do enzymes in saliva help to do

Answer 12

food becomes softer so it can be swallowed and pass down the oesophagus by means of peristalsis

Question 13

what are the layers of the GI tract

Answer 13

Inside to out:
mucosa
submucosa
muscularis
serosa
There is a lot of blood flow to these regions
- look at ross and wilson or totora for this

Answer 14

stomach connects to the first part of small intestine (duodenum)

Question 15

structures of stomach

Answer 15

cardia
fundus
body
pylorus

Question 16

purpose of pyloric sphincter

Answer 16

allows food from the pylorus to the duodenum

Question 17

regions of stomach wall

Answer 17

cardia
fundus
body
pylorus

Question 18

why is stomach wall folded

Answer 18

allows stomach to extend

Question 19

what do glands in stomach secrete

Answer 19

mucus
HCL
a pepsin
intrinsic factor
gastrin *know the function of each of these

Question 20

types of digestion

Answer 20

mechanical = physical movement of muscles
chemical = chemical produces by body will digest food
This produces chyme

Question 21

types of muscles in stomach

Answer 21

longitudinal = top to bottom
oblique
circular
k
= food has been LOCked in stomach
- however, in vomit and reflux, food can leave

Answer 22

cardia
fundus
body
pylorus
cardiac sphincter at top of stomach , pyloric sphincter at bottom of stomach

Question 23

layers of the stomach*

Question 24

where is the blood supply situated in stomach*

Question 25

what types of cells are in mucosa layer and their function*

Question 26

where are the main cells of stomach found*

Question 27

3 structures of small intestine

Answer 27

duodenum jejunum lleum ceacum is found at end and connects to appendix

Question 28

section of large intestine/ colon

Answer 28

Ascending transverse descending colon sigmoid = s shape structure that articulates with the rectum

Question 29

how long does it take for the major events of digestion and absorbtion to occur

Answer 29

2 - 4 hours# after this, the stomach is emptied of its contents

Question 30

process of passage of nutrients into the blood *

Answer 30

Simple diffusion facilitated diffusion osmosis active trans[port

Answer 31

Monosaccharides, amino acids and short chain fatty acids long chain fatty acids broken down by micelles

Question 32

minerals in food

Answer 32

carbohydrates = C,H,O lipids = C,H, proteins = N, C

Question 33

GUT = gi TRACT = DIGESTIVE TRACT

Question 34

eXAMPLES OF ELECTROLYTES

Question 35

cells in large intestine

Answer 35

absorbative cell = absorb water goblet cells = secrete mucus

Question 36

mass peristalsis

Answer 36

movement of food down the colon

Answer 37

food that couldnt be broken down water inorganic salts sloughed off

Answer 38

when the end products increase in size of rectum - it causes the walls of the rectum to excrete the faeces as result of nerve stimulation= reflex action

Question 39

types of sphinctor

Answer 39

Internal release = involuntary release of faeces external sphinctor = you can control when the release of faeces is present in anal canal

Question 40

deglutition

Answer 40

process of swallowing