ETHICS Chapter 1 Introduction Flashcards by Caleb Wakeman

Ethics is incomplete when defined only by religion because:

A. Religion changes over time
B. Not all people are religious
C. Laws replace religion
D. Religion lacks moral guidance

B.
Not all people are religious

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5 common themes of ethics:

Ethics is about following your conscience.
Ethics has to do with religion and morality.
Ethics is being a good person.
Ethics is about abiding by the law.
Ethics is about doing what society says is right.

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Ethics is best defined as:

A. Obedience to authority
B. Rules of behavior based on ideas of good and bad
C. Religious doctrine
D. Personal opinion

B.
Rules of behavior based on ideas of good and bad

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Which is NOT one of the five common themes of ethics?

A. Following your conscience
B. Religion and morality
C. Personal success
D. Abiding by the law

C.
Personal success

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Conscience is considered unreliable because it is:

A. Learned behavior
B. Controlled by law
C. Subjective
D. Universal

C.
Subjective

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Morality is most closely associated with:

A. Human interaction
B. Employment relationships
C. Universally accepted principles
D. Situational judgment

C.
Universally accepted principles

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Personal ethics emphasize:

A. Job performance
B. Fairness, justice, and the greater good
C. Legal compliance
D. Authority

B.
Fairness, justice, and the greater good

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Ethics primarily governs:

A. Personal beliefs
B. Religious obligations
C. Human interaction
D. Legal punishment

C.
Human interaction

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Professional ethics apply primarily to:

A. Family relationships
B. Religious communities
C. Employment relationships
D. Political beliefs

C.
Employment relationships

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Situational ethics suggests that right and wrong:

A. Never change
B. Are determined by law
C. Depend on circumstance
D. Are religiously defined

C.
Depend on circumstance

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The study of ethics is complicated because:

A. Laws are unclear
B. Social expectations are fluid
C. Morality is universal
D. Ethics is instinctive

B.
Social Expectations are fluid

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One goal of ethics is to define:

A. Legal authority
B. Moral punishment of beliefs
C. Behavior boundaries
D. Religious belief

C.
Behavior boundaries

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Ethics seeks to establish standards of right and wrong based on all EXCEPT:

A. Personal obligations
B. Benefits to society
C. Specific virtues
D. Personal convenience

D.
Personal convenience

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Ethical restraint is best described as:

A. Fear of punishment
B. Etiquette and self-restraint
C. Legal authority
D. Situational ethics

B.
Etiquette and self-restraint

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The argument that fear enforces behavior is known as:

A. Moral absolutism
B. Argumentum ad baculum
C. Ethical relativism
D. Social conformity

B.
Argumentum ad baculum

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Obedience to law is ethical only if:

A. The law is enforced
B. Punishment is severe
C. The law itself is ethical
D. Society agrees

C.
The law itself is ethical

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Ethics is worthwhile only if:

A. Punishment exists
B. Laws are enforced
C. Ethical behavior is valued
D. Society agrees

C.
Ethical behavior is valued

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Continuous evaluation of beliefs leads to:

A. Moral relativism
B. Ethical confusion
C. Personal standards of behavior
D. Legal obedience

C.
Personal standards of behavior

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Avoiding punishment alone is considered:

A. Ethical maturity
B. Moral courage
C. Self-serving behavior
D. Ethical leadership

C.
Self-serving behavior

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Children develop ethics primarily through:

A. Legal consequences
B. Religious instruction
C. Lifelong evaluation of behavior
D. Authority figures such as their parents

C.
Lifelong evaluation of behavior

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Ethical people tend to be happier because they:

A. Avoid punishment
B. Follow rules
C. Understand their values
D. Are more successful

C.
Understand their values

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“An unexamined life is not worth living” emphasizes:

A. Obedience
B. Self-reflection
C. Punishment
D. Authority

B.
Self-reflection

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Ethical people succeed because they:

A. Avoid conflict
B. Fake honesty
C. Possess trustworthiness
D. Manipulate others

C.
Possess trustworthiness

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“An unexamined life is not worth living” was quoted by:

A. Caesar
B. Aristotle
C. Socrates
D. Plato

C.
Socrates

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Ethics contributes to stable societies by: A. Increasing punishment B. Enforcing authority C. Encouraging shared values D. Eliminating conflict

C. Encouraging shared values

Without shared ethical agreement, society risks: A. Democracy B. Order C. Anarchy D. Progress

C. Anarchy

Prohibition is cited as an example of: A. Ethical success B. Government overreach C. Failed behavioral control D. Moral absolutism

C. Failed behavioral control

Ethical restraint allows societies to: A. Enforce punishment B. Function cooperatively C. Control individuals D. Eliminate laws

B. Functional cooperatively

Antisocial behavior is marked by: A. Strong ethics B. Self-restraint C. Lack of ethics D. Moral courage

C. Lack of ethics

Ethical dilemmas occur when: A. Rules are clear B. Values conflict C. Laws are enforced D. Authority decides

B. Values conflict

Ethical decisions can result in all EXCEPT: A. Job loss B. Damaged relationships C. Guaranteed success D. Legal consequences

C. Guaranteed success

Moral relativism argues that actions must be judged by: A. Law B. Authority C. Context D. Tradition

C. Context

Moral relativism places the burden of judgment on: A. Government B. Society C. The individual D. Religion

C. The individual

Even under moral relativism, actions are judged: A. Privately B. Internally C. Objectively by others D. Religiously

C. Objectively by others

Studying ethics encourages: A. Punishment B. Self-analysis C. Obedience D. Conformity

B. Self-analysis

Understanding others’ motivations promotes: A. Authority B. Empathy C. Punishment D. Compliance

B. Empathy

Firefighters have greater ethical obligations due to: A. Higher pay B. Public admiration C. Authority and responsibility D. Union protection

C. Authority and responsibility

Firefighters routinely exercise authority by: A. Issuing citations B. Entering property C. Enforcing laws D. Prosecuting crimes

B. Entering property

Fire officers face ethical decisions regarding: A. Budget approval B. Risking lives C. Policy writing D. Union contracts

B. Risking lives

With responsibility comes: A. Authority B. Power C. Ethical obligation D. Legal immunity

C. Ethical obligation

Fire service ethics are unique because the mission is: A. Adversarial B. Punitive C. Non-confrontational D. Political

C. Non-confrontational

Firefighters fight a: A. Human enemy B. Legal opponent C. Nonhuman opponent D. Political system

C. Nonhuman opponent

Fire service ethics are less defined because: A. Laws are unclear B. Missions are adversarial C. Issues are elusive D. Authority is limited

C. Issues are elusive

Saving life and property must be balanced against: A. Cost B. Law C. Self-preservation D. Reputation

C. Self-preservation

Fire chiefs exercise ethical discretion primarily in: A. Emergency response B. Discipline C. Code enforcement D. Training

C. Code enforcement

Firefighters enjoy near-universal admiration similar to: A. Teachers B. Doctors C. Nurses D. Lawyers

C. Nurses

The fire service lacks: A. Leadership B. Public trust C. Universal ethics standards D. Training

C. Universal ethics standards

High public admiration leads to: A. Lower expectations B. Greater tolerance C. Higher standards D. Reduced scrutiny

C Higher standards

Public perception of ethics problems is: A. Irrelevant B. Beneficial C. A serious threat D. Unavoidable

C. A serious threat

Modern ethics challenges are largely driven by: A. Unions B. Social media C. Fire suppression D. Leadership

B. Social media

Social media allows: A. Ethical oversight B. Real-time posting C. Editorial review D. Fact verification

B. Real-time posting

The public is not constrained by: A. Law B. Ethics C. Journalism standards D. Social norms

C. Journalism standards

Viral posts often present information: A. Accurately B. With context C. As opinion and conjecture D. Professionally

C. As opinion and conjecture

Firefighters are under constant: A. Praise B. Protection C. Scrutiny D. Authority

C. Scrutiny

Historically, fire service ethics have been addressed: A. Proactively B. Academically C. Retroactively D. Systematically

C. Retroactively

Focusing only on “bad apples” is: A. Effective B. Ethical C. Dangerous D. Necessary

C. Dangerous

Public trust is essential because it: A. Funds departments B. Supports authority C. Enables mission success D. Reduces complaints

C. Enables mission success

Ethics education must occur at: A. Recruit level only B. Officer level only C. Every level D. Administrative level

C. Every level

Ethics violations are best prevented through: A. Punishment B. Policy C. Education D. Authority

C. Education

Behavior problems typically: A. Appear suddenly B. Are unpredictable C. Start small D. Are unavoidable

C. Start small

The fire service safety lesson teaches that ethics issues are: A. Random B. Unpreventable C. Predictable D. Rare

C. Predictable

“That which can be predicted can be prevented” refers to: A. Enforcement B. Leadership C. Ethics and safety D. Discipline

C. Ethics and safety

Preventing ethics violations requires: A. Punishment B. Culture change C. Media control D. Authority

B. Culture change

Ethics is often confused with: A. Law B. Authority C. Morality D. Discipline

C. Morality

Ethics studies behavior within: A. Government B. Religion C. Social groups D. Law

C. Social groups

Society requires ethics to: A. Enforce punishment B. Maintain order C. Increase authority D. Eliminate conflict

B. Maintain order

Firefighters are entrusted with: A. Authority only B. Property only C. Lives and property D. Public opinion

C. Lives and property

Ethical breaches in the fire service are: A. Private matters B. Ignored C. Publicly magnified D. Protected

C. Publicly magnified

Firefighters’ actions reflect on: A. Only themselves B. Their shift C. Their department and profession D. Their union

C. Their department and profession

Ethics must be taught: A. Informally B. Occasionally C. Proactively D. After incidents

C. Proactively

Ethical restraint primarily guides: A. Legal compliance B. Social interaction C. Authority D. Punishment

B. Social interaction

Ethics is best viewed as: A. Reactionary B. Punitive C. Preventive D. Situational

C. Preventive

Fire service ethics are complicated by: A. Media attention B. Risk-benefit decisions C. Politics D. Unions

B. Risk-benefit decisions

Risk-benefit analysis is central to: A. Law enforcement B. Medicine C. Fire service ethics D. Legal ethics

C. Fire service ethics

Firefighters commit to a noble cause: A. Without limits B. Regardless of cost C. Up to a point D. Only when ordered

C. Up to a point

Fire service reputation affects: A. Training B. Discipline C. Recruitment D. Policy

C. Recruitment

Taxpayer funding adds: A. Authority B. Scrutiny C. Protection D. Immunity

B. Scrutiny

Ethical issues in medicine often focus on: A. Authority B. Force C. Process D. Punishment

C. Process

Ethical overlap exists between fire service and: A. Military only B. Law enforcement only C. Medical and legal professions D. Political office

C. Medical and legal professions

Firefighters work in environments that are: A. Controlled B. Predictable C. Rapidly evolving D. Administrative

C. Rapidly evolving

Needs often overwhelm resources, creating: A. Legal issues B. Ethical questions C. Administrative problems D. Political conflict

B. Ethical questions

Firefighter ethics require balancing: A. Law and order B. Budget and policy C. Risk and benefit D. Authority and punishment

C. Risk and benefit

Public scrutiny today is intensified because news is: A. Regulated B. Local C. Permanent D. Limited

C. Permanent

Ethics violations today are more damaging due to: A. Laws B. Unions C. Media permanence D. Training

C. Media permanence

Ethical culture must be: A. Imposed B. Enforced C. Taught D. Feared

C. Taught

Ethics failures often escalate because: A. Rules change B. Warning signs are ignored C. Authority is weak D. Training is limited

B. Warning signs are ignored

Fire service ethics education should mirror: A. Discipline systems B. Safety initiatives C. Union policies D. Media strategies

B. Safety initiatives

Ethical responsibility increases with: A. Rank B. Popularity C. Tenure D. Pay

A. Rank

Firefighters are expected to behave: A. Like civilians B. According to law only C. To a higher standard D. As directed

C. To a higher standard

Ethical violations threaten: A. Union strength B. Public goodwill C. Funding only D. Authority

B. Public goodwill

Ethics education should emphasize: A. Reaction B. Prevention C. Punishment D. Discipline

B. Prevention

Ethical behavior supports: A. Discipline B. Authority C. Public trust D. Punishment

C. Public trust

Ethics is best understood as: A. A rulebook B. A punishment system C. A continuous process D. A belief

C. A continuous process

Fire service ethical challenges are: A. Simple B. Rare C. Complex D. Avoidable

C. Complex

Ethical awareness helps firefighters: A. Avoid work B. Predict behavior C. Reduce training D. Avoid authority

B. Predict behavior

Ethical behavior reflects on: A. Leadership only B. Individuals only C. Entire profession D. The public

C. Entire profession

Ethics education should be: A. Optional B. Event-driven C. Continuous D. Informal

C. Continuous

Ethical breaches are magnified because fire departments are: A. Private B. Government-funded C. Unionized D. Volunteer

B. Government-funded

Ethics violations damage: A. Only individuals B. Only departments C. Lives, careers, morale D. Training programs

C. Lives, careers, morale

Ethical responsibility exists because firefighters: A. Are admired B. Are disciplined C. Hold authority D. Enforce law

C. Hold authority

Ethics must be understood to: A. Avoid punishment B. Please the public C. Perform duties effectively D. Maintain rank

C. Perform duties effectively

The core message of Chapter 1 is: A. Ethics is optional B. Ethics is reactionary C. Ethics is essential and proactive D. Ethics is situational

C. Ethics is essential and proactive

ETHICS Chapter 1 Introduction Flashcards

(103 cards)