NAVLE PPT Study Guide > Exotics NAVLE > Flashcards

Exotics NAVLE Flashcards

(40 cards)

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1
Q

What is a critical husbandry practice for chinchillas?

A
  • Dust baths
  • Frequent bathing can lead to conjunctivitis
  • Heat intolerance (T < 80℉)

Avoid cedar shavings due to respiratory irritation.

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2
Q

What are the signs of urinary problems in chinchillas?

A
  • Hematuria
  • Pollakiuria
  • Stranguria

Diagnosis can be confirmed with radiographs.

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3
Q

What is the dental formula for rabbits?

A

2(I 2/1, C 0/0, P 3/2, M 3/3)

This formula represents the arrangement of teeth in rabbits.

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4
Q

What is a common GIT issue in rabbits?

A
  • Trichobezoar

Clinical signs include weight loss, anorexia, scant stool production, and decreased GIT motility.

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5
Q

What zoonotic disease is associated with rabbits?

A

Tularemia

Caused by Francisella tularensis and transmitted by ticks.

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6
Q

What is a sign of hypovitaminosis A in turtles?

A
  • Squamous metaplasia

Symptoms include lethargy, anorexia, and swelling of ears.

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7
Q

What should you not use to treat nematode infections in turtles?

A

Ivermectin

It is toxic to turtles and can cause neurological signs.

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8
Q

What is a common issue with lab mice?

A
  • Barbering

This behavior involves the dominant mouse causing alopecia in others.

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9
Q

What is a sign of rotavirus infection in young mice?

A
  • Diarrhea with obstipation
  • Soft yellow feces
  • Death

Diagnosis can be confirmed via electron microscopy.

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10
Q

What is the average lifespan of rats?

A

2.5 years

This is a general estimate for pet rats.

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11
Q

What is the cause of insulinoma in ferrets?

A
  • Hypoglycemia

Symptoms include lethargy and intermittent pelvic limb weakness.

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12
Q

What is a common condition in lizards due to high protein diets?

A
  • Renal failure

Iguanas are particularly susceptible.

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13
Q

What is a sign of proliferative ileitis in lizards?

A
  • Diarrhea
  • Depression
  • Dehydration

Treatment includes SQ electrolytes and antibiotics.

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14
Q

What should hamsters not be treated with?

A
  • Streptomycin
  • Penicillin
  • Erythromycin

These drugs are directly toxic to hamsters.

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15
Q

What is a unique anatomical feature of guinea pigs?

A

Incomplete cartilaginous rings around the trachea

This anatomical structure can affect respiratory health.

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16
Q

What is a sign of inclusion body disease in snakes?

A
  • Regurgitation
  • Inability to right itself

This condition is associated with retroviruses or snake mites.

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17
Q

What is the cause of tetanus in animals?

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A
  • Clostridium tetani

Symptoms include anorexia and inability to stand.

18
Q

What is a congenital condition affecting young animals?

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A

Choanal atresia

This condition blocks the normal opening between the nasal and pharyngeal areas.

19
Q

What is a common disease in fish caused by Ichthyophthirius multifiliis?

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A

Ich

This protozoan infection is characterized by white cysts on the skin.

20
Q

What is a bacterial disease in fish known for causing ulcers?

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A
  • Aeromonas salmonicida

Also known as furunculosis.

21
Q

What is a viral disease affecting sheep that can cause abortion?

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A

Blue Tongue

Caused by the reoviridae family and transmitted by biting midges.

22
Q

What is the pathogen responsible for contagious ecthyma?

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A

Parapox virus

This zoonotic virus causes lesions around the mouth and feet.

23
Q

What is the thick, caseous material associated with?

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A

Contagious Foot Rot

Caused by Dichelobacter nodosus and Fusobacterium necrophorum.

24
Q

What is the treatment for Contagious Foot Rot?

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A
  • Quarantine & cull
  • If cannot cull, quarantine and remove abscess
  • Antibiotic therapy
  • Vaccinate unaffected

Vaccination is not 100% effective.

25
What are the **causes** of Contagious Foot Rot?
* Introduction of new animals * Moving to infected pasture ## Footnote Highly contagious disease.
26
What is the **etiology** of Eimeria?
Eimeria Oocyst ## Footnote Significant in shoat weaning (6 weeks).
27
What are the **clinical signs** of Mycoplasma pneumonia?
* Lame & febrile * Markedly swollen joints * Pneumonia * Mastitis * Meningitis (in kids) * Acute septicemia * CNS signs ## Footnote Affects young shoats (2-4 weeks, 10-12 weeks).
28
What is the **treatment** for Mycoplasma pneumonia?
Cull carriers ## Footnote Vertical transmission occurs via mammary and aerosol.
29
What is the **etiology** of Heartwater?
Amblyomma tick > Ehrlichia ruminatium ## Footnote Reportable disease found in the Caribbean and Africa.
30
What are the **clinical signs** of Heartwater?
* CNS signs (excessive blinking, hypermetria) * Chewing movements * Recumbency * Paddling * Respiratory distress * Congested mucous membranes * Death ## Footnote Treatment includes Oxytetracycline.
31
What is the **treatment** for Infectious Keratoconjunctivitis (IKC)?
* Topical/systemic antibiotics (Oxytetracycline) * Topical 1% atropine ## Footnote Caused by Mycoplasma and Chlamydia.
32
What are the **clinical signs** of Circling Disease (Silage Disease)?
* Dullness * Turning or twisting of head to one side * Walking in circles (towards affected side) * Unilateral trigeminal & facial nerve paralysis * Drooping ear * Deviated muzzle * Lowered eyelid * Strabismus * Nystagmus * Head pressing * Purulent unilateral endophthalmitis ## Footnote Caused by Listeria.
33
What is the **estrous cycle** duration for goats?
21 days ## Footnote Estrus lasts 18-48 hours.
34
What is the **gestation period** for sheep?
150 days (5 months) ## Footnote Breeding season is 35 days (2 cycles).
35
What are the **clinical signs** of Pregnancy Toxemia?
* Blindness * Depression ## Footnote Occurs in late gestation, often due to cold weather and multiple fetuses.
36
What is the **etiology** of Pizzle Rot?
Corynebacterium renale ## Footnote Also known as ulcerative posthitis.
37
What are the **clinical signs** of Strawberry Foot Rot?
* Crusting lesions around coronary bands with pink granulation tissue * Crusting affecting ears, muzzle, face, tail ## Footnote Caused by Dermatophilus Congolensis.
38
What is the **treatment** for Rumenal Acidosis?
* Slow introduction of OAA diets ## Footnote Also known as grain overload.
39
What is the **etiology** of Squamous Cell Carcinoma?
Papillomas ## Footnote Common in multiple Saanen milking goats.
40
What is the **clinical sign** of Demodex Caprae?
Papules, nodules along face, neck, udder ## Footnote No systemic symptoms, non-pruritic.
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