Prefix for:
Superfamily
Family
Subfamily
Superfamily = -OIDEA Family = -IDEA Subfamily = - INAE
Polyandry
one female in the group mates with multiple males
Cooperative polyandry
more than one female in the group (closely related); one is reproductively active; other females help raise offspring
Cheek Pouches
-Sexually dimorphic trait
Cheek Pouches
-Sexually dimorphic trait
-used to store food
3 hypothesized functions
1. reduces vulnerability to predation
2. increases feeding efficiency by reducing competition
3. enzymes help break down food
Sexual swelling
- Sexually dimorphic trait
- sexual cue that females are ovulating
Sexual swelling
- Sexually dimorphic trait
- sexual cue that females are ovulating
Complex Stomach
Sacculated stomach
- pouch like stomach
- helps break down leaves
- more digestable
- energy minimizers
Jarman Bell Principle
Scaling relationship between: Body, weight, basal metabolic rate, diet quality
larger animals = low energy requirement/unit body weight
Smaller animals = high energy requirement/unit body weight
Kays Threshold
body weight threshold that separates entirely insectivorous primates from those who can’t maintain insectivorous diets = 1 pound/500g
Self-Medication in Primates
- plant not eaten regularly
- method of ingestion => prevents nutritional benefit
- restriction of plant use associated with high risk of parasitic infection
Female dominance in Lemurs
- females can evoke submissive behaviour from males in 1-on-1 encounters
- females = priority at food sites
Female dominance in Bonobos
- not same as lemurs
- males dominant to females
- some evidence of female feeding priority in food patches
- dominance of males in feeding context (requires coalition of females)
Pan distribution
Bonobos –> Congo River
Chimps –> W.Africa-C.Africa-E.Africa
Congo river (line) –> separated the chimps and bonobos
Pan distribution
Bonobos –> Congo River
Chimps –> W.Africa-C.Africa-E.Africa
Congo river (line) –> separated the chimps and bonobos
