Final (Part 4)

Question 1

Unique to primates (socially)

Answer 1

• differentiated within-group relationships (knowing place in hierarchy)
• marked social boundaries (knowing your group)
• kin-biased social relationships (Nepotism)
• use of allies and coalitions

Question 2

2 costs of group living

Answer 2

1. INTRA-GROUP (WITHIN GROUP) COMPETITION
   - to many individuals in a group can lead to competition
2. INCREASED VULNERABILITY TO INFECTIOUS DISEASE

Question 3

Benefits to group living

Answer 3

1. RESOURCE DEFENSE HYPOTHESIS
   - improved access to resources
   - large vs. small group size (larger group wins more encounters)
2. PREDATION DEFENSE HYPOTHESIS
   - better protection from predators
   - Collective Detection
   - Dilution Effects
   - Deterrence
3. MATES ARE AVAILABLE
4. MORE EYES LOOKING FOR FOOD
5. MALE PROTECTION **

Question 4

Resource Defense

Answer 4

large groups usually have better access to food patches

Question 5

Predation Defense

Answer 5

terrestrial primates tend to live in larger groups than arboreal ones + some primate species adjust group size to the risk of predation