Lecture 5

Question 1

Differential reproduction

Answer 1

individuals of some genotypes have more offspring than others

Question 2

3 fundamental observable facts of natural selection

Answer 2

1. VARIATION
   - lots within/between species
2. INHERITANCE
   - variation passed from parents to offspring
3. OVERPRODUCTION
   - more offspring born then that survive to adulthood

Question 3

Fitness/RS

Answer 3

ability to reproduce successfully compared to other members of the same species

Low fitness = low RS
High fitness = high RS

Question 4

Altruism

Answer 4

Behaviour that benefits recipient at a cost to the donor/altruist. Selfless behaviour of the donor/altruist

Question 5

What is the problem with altruism and group selection?

Answer 5

• natural selection acts on the group rather than the individual
• altruist acts done for the “good of the group”

Question 6

What is required for group selection to work?

Answer 6

-groups with altruists

Question 7

How does altruism evolve?

Answer 7

Kin Selection

Question 8

Kin Selection

Answer 8

• blood is thicker than water
• individuals share genetic material with relatives
• even if you never reproduce, its possible to still have some of your genes represented in the next generation