Anatomy Year 2 Term 1 > GI book 1 > Flashcards

GI book 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

a

A

sympathetic trunk

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2
Q

b

A

inferior vena cava

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3
Q

c

A

left psoas major

Flexion of thigh (at hip)

lateral flexion of vertebral column

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4
Q

d

A

left common iliac artery (L4)

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5
Q

e

A

iliacus muscle

  • flexion and lateral rotation of the thigh at the hip joint
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6
Q

f

A

left external artery

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7
Q

g

A

inguinal ligament

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8
Q

1.

A

kidneys

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9
Q

2

A

Abdominal aorta

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10
Q

3

A

IVC

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11
Q

4

A

psoas major

flexion of the thigh (at the hip)

lateral flexion of vertebral column

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12
Q

5

A

quadratus lumborum

  • flexion/extension of the vertebral column
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13
Q

7

A

ureters

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14
Q

8

A

common iliac arteries

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15
Q

9

A

sub costal nerve

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16
Q

10

A

ilio-hypogastric nerve

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17
Q

11

A

ilio-lumbar nerve

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18
Q

a

A

right renal vein

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19
Q

b

A

quadratus lumborum

  • extension/flexion of verterbral column
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20
Q

c

A

Transversus abdominus

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21
Q

d

A

right common iliac artery

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22
Q

e

A

iliacus muscle

  • flexion of thigh at hip
  • lateral rotation of the thigh at hip
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23
Q

f

A

psoas major
- flexion of thigh at hip
- lateral flexion of the vertebral column

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24
Q

g

A

left renal vein

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25
h
left suprarenal vein
26
i
left adrenal gland
27
j
left gonadal vein
28
k
left ureter
29
m
right common iliac artery
30
a
Quadratus Lumborum - Unilateral contraction -> lateral flexion of vertebrae - Bi-lateral contraction -> extension of vertebrae
31
b
iliacus - flexion + - lateral rotation of the thigh at the hip joint
32
c
psoas minor - flexion of vertebral column
33
d.
psoas major - flexion of thigh at hip - lateral flexion of the vertebral column
34
b
quadratous lumborum - sits between anterior and middle layer of thora-columbar fascia
35
a
psoas major - covered by psoas fascia - attached to lumbar vertebrae medially - continous with thora-columbar fascia laterally - iliac fascia inferiorly
36
c
deep back muscles (Erector spinae) * between middle and posterior layers of thoracolumbar fascia
37
d,e, f
d- anterior layer e- middle layer f- posterior layer of thoracolumbar fascia
38
a
IVC hiatus T8 Right phrenic nerve
39
b
esophageal hiatus (T10) vagus nerves
40
c
Aortic hiatus T12 thoracic duct azygos vein
41
when the upper part of your stomach bulges through the diaphragm.
hiatus hernia
42
boundaries of the foregut
abdominal oesophagus -> level of major duodenal papilla
43
structures in the foregut
SPLEDS - G spleen pancreas liver esophagus duodenum (proximal) stomach gall-bladder Arterial supply (caelic trunk)
44
The midgut runs from
below the major papilla to the two-thirds of transverse colon
45
● The foregut runs from
abdominal oesophagus to the major duodenal papilla
46
● The foregut runs from
abdominal oesophagus to the major duodenal papilla
47
● The hindgut runs from
last third of transverse colon to the midway of the anal canal
48
artery which supplies structures in midgut
superior mesenteric artery (3/4th part of duodenum) jejunum ileum ascending colon appendix cecum proximal 2/3 of transverse colon
49
artery which supplies the hindgut
inferior mesenteric artery - distal 1/3 of transverse colon - descending colon - sigmoid colon - rectum
50
what level does the celiac trunk come off the abdominal aorta?
T12 supplies forgut
51
superior mesenteric artery comes of the abdominal aorta at what level
L1 supplies midgut
52
inferior mesenteric artery comes off the aorta at what level
L3 suuples the hindgut
53
a
celiac trunk - supplies foregut branches off aorta at T12
54
b
superior mesenteric artery (L1) supplies midgut
55
c
inferior mesenteric artery (L3) supplies the hindgut
56
Name the three branches of the celiac trunk (T12)
1. Left gastric 2. Hepatic 3. Splenic
57
The superior mesenteric arteries come off the side of the abdominal aorta at level
L1
58
At what vertebral level does the abdominal aorta divide into 2 common iliac arteries?
L5
59
a
celiac trunk T12
60
b
superior mesenteric (L1)
61
c
inferior mesenteric L3
62
d
renal arteries L1-L2
63
e
common iliac artery L4
64
a
inferior phrenic artery (goin ginto diaphragm)
65
b
renal artery (right) L1-L2
66
d
celiac trunk (T12)
67
e
superior mesenteric - L1
68
f
abdominal aorta
69
g
inferior mesenteric L3
70
The portal vein is formed by the union of which 2 major veins of the abdominal cavity?
1. Superior mesenteric vein 2. Splenic vein
71
Where does the inferior mesenteric vein drain to?
splenic vein
72
What vessels merge to form the IVC?
The left and right common iliac veins. at L5
73
The portal vein is formed by the union of which 2 major veins of the abdominal cavity?
1. Superior mesenteric vein 2. Splenic vein
74
Where does the inferior mesenteric vein drain to?
Splenic vein
75
a.
Hepatic veins (drain into the IVC just under the diaphragm)
76
b
IVC drains into the right atrium
77
c
right renal vein (drains into IVC)
78
d.
right testicular vein drains into IVC
79
e
Left adrenal vein drains into left renal vein
80
f
left renal vein drains into IVC
81
g.
left testicular vein (drains into left renal vein)
82
h
common iliac vein (drains into the IVC at L5)
83
a
***hepatic portal vein *** (unison of superior mesenteric and splenic vein) at L2 Immediately before entering the liver, the portal vein divides into right and left branches which then enter the parenchyma of the liver separately. Blood then traverses the liver in the hepatic sinusoids and empties into the central veins through which it reaches -> hepatic veins-> the inferior vena cava
84
b
superior mesenteric vein drains (CATS) - Cecum - Ascendings colon - Transverse colon - Small intestine
85
c
splenic vein
86
d
inferior mesenteric vein drains DRS Descending colon Rectum Sigmoid colon
87
a
hepatic portal vein drains into L/R branches that enter the porta hepatis of the liver
88
b
superior mesenteric vein drains CATS cecum ascending colon transverse colon small intestine
89
c
splenic vein (terminates behind the neck of the pancreas) drains blood from : spleen and pancreas
90
d
inferior mesenteric vein (drains into splenic vein) drains DRS descending colon rectum sigmoid colon
91
e
right branch of the portal vein supplies the RIGHT LOBE
92
f
left branch of the portal vein supplies left lobe, caudate and quadrate lobes
93
g
hepatic artery proper (branch of common hepatic artery
94
h
splenic artery (largest branch of the celiac trunk)
95
j
inferior mesenteric artery
96
k
superior mesenteric artery L1
97
a
hepatic portal vein
98
b
splenic vein
99
c
superior mesenteric vein
100
d
inferior mesenteric vein
101
a
pancreas
102
b
duodenum
103
c
inferior mesenteric veins
104
d
superior mesenteric veins
105
# pancreas removed a
hepatic portal vein
106
b
splenic vein
107
c
superior mesenteric veins
108
d
inferior mesenteric vein usually joins the splenic vein instead of superior mesenteric
109
arrow
hepatic artery
110
arrow
common bile duct
111
arrow
first part of duodenum
112
dashed white lines?
pyloris of the stomach
113
a
femoral artery
114
b
femoral vein medial to femoral artery
115
c
external iliac vein
116
d
internal iliac vein
117
e
common iliac vein
118
f
IVC
119
g
right common iliac artery
120
a
hepatic veins enter IVC just below the diaphragm
121
white circle is what vertebrae level
T8 vena caval hiatus
122
a
left renal vein L2
123
b
left testicular vein
124
Where are the four sites of the portal-systemic anastomoses?
1. Anorectal junction 2. Gastroesophageal junction 3. Paraumbilical 4. Retroperitoneal
125
What is the clinical relevance of these sites of anastomoses?
Varices or haemorrhoids due to portal hypertension.
126
actions of psoas major
* flexion and lateral rotation of the thigh at the hip * flexion of trunk (bil-lateral) * lateral flexion of trunk (uni-lateral) * postural muscle/stabalises vertebral column
127
actions of quadratus lumborum
Lateral flexion of verebral column Extension of vertebral column - lumbar
128
actions of iliacus muscle
flexes and externally rotates the femur (thigh)
Anatomy Year 2 Term 1
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