Anatomy Year 2 Term 1 > GI workbook 2 > Flashcards

GI workbook 2 Flashcards

(117 cards)

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1
Q

a

A

IVc

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2
Q

A

A

falsiform ligament

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3
Q

a

a

A

ligamentum terres

remanant of Left umbilical vein

runs through the hepatic notch

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4
Q

arrows

A

coronary ligament

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5
Q

a

A

coronary ligmanet

surrounds the bear area

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6
Q

b

A

bear area

The attachment site of the liver to the right diaphragm is known as the bare area. The liver surface under the bare area is thought to lack a peritoneal covering in adults

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7
Q

arrow

A

falsiform ligament

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8
Q

arrows

A

triangular ligments

attach to diaphragm

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9
Q

a

A

Lesser omentum

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10
Q

a

A

lesser omentum

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11
Q

a

A

IVC

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12
Q

b

A

IVC

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13
Q

d

A

gall bladder

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14
Q

a

A

porta hepatitis

  • portal vein
  • hepatic artery

in * hepatic ducts

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15
Q

arrows

A

hepatic veins

-> IVC

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16
Q

a

A

ligamentum venosum

remenant of ductus venosus

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17
Q

a - which lobe

A

right lobe

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18
Q

which lobe

A

quadrate

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19
Q

which lobe is the finger pointing to

A

caudate lobe

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20
Q

Glisson’s capsule, the fibrous covering of the liver, is innervated by

A

lower intercostal nerves

stretching of the fibrous layer results in sharp and well localised pain. This is known as liver capsule pain.

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21
Q

Name structures present in the porta hepatis:

A
  1. Portal vein
  2. Hepatic artery
  3. Hepatic nervous plexus
  4. Hepatic ducts
  5. Lymphatic vessels
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22
Q

What structures are in the portal triad?

A
  1. Arteriole (branch of hepatic artery entering the liver)
  2. Venule (branch of hepatic portal vein entering the liver)
  3. Bile duct (branch of bile duct leaving the liver)
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23
Q

Where does the central vein drain to?

A

Where does the central vein drain to?

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24
Q

● Where does bile enter the gut tube?

A

major duodenal papilla

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25
what is calots triangle
Triangular space formed by 1/ cystic duct 2/ common hepatic duct 3/ inferior surface of liver. The triangle contains c**ystic artery. **
26
Biliary obstruction arises when passage of bile into the duodenum is blocked completely or partially
passage of bile into the duodenum is blocked completely or partially
27
a
coronary ligament
28
b
left triangular ligament
29
c
falsiform ligament
30
d
round ligament/ligament terres remnant of left umbilical vein
31
# a a
caudate lobe
32
b
bear area
33
c
gall-bladder
34
d
quadrate lobe
35
e
porta hepatits
36
a
right hepatitic duct
37
b
left hapetic duct
38
c
common hepatic duct
39
d
cystic duct
40
e
gall bladder
41
f
common bile duct
42
arrows
right and left hepatic ducts
43
44
44
# arrow arrow
common hepatic duct
45
arrow
cystic duct (looks short/spiralled here) empties contraction fills passively
46
arrow
common bile duct
47
dotted lines
hepato-duodenal ligament made from lesser omentum
48
# arrow arrow
common bile duct
49
arrow
major duodenal papilla
50
# a a
cystic artery
51
b
right hepatic artery
52
c
common hepatic duct
53
d
cystic duct
54
e
common hepatic artery
55
f
common bile duct
56
1
calots triagnle - inferior surface of the liver - cystic duct - common hepatic duct (contains cystic artery) careful during cholecsystectomy
57
a
cystic duct
58
b
common hepatic duct
59
c
left hepatic duct
60
d
cystic artery
61
e
left hepatic artery
62
f
right hepatic artery
63
a
right hepatic duct
64
b
left hepatic duct
65
c
common hepatic fuct
66
d
cystic duct/
67
e
common bile duct
68
f
panncreatic duct
69
g
acessory pancreatic duct -> minor duodena papillary
70
a
common bile duct
71
b
pancreatic duct
72
c
hepatopancreatic ampulla or ampulla of vater
73
d
major duodenal papilla
74
How is the pancreas peritonised?
retroperitoneal
75
Which vein is formed posterior to the neck of the pancreas?
Splenic vein and SMV join to form the hepatic portal vein
76
Into which part of the duodenum does the pancreatic duct open?
Major duodenal papilla located in descending part L1-L3 of the duodenum
77
arteries supplying pancreas
Splenic artery -> pancreatic branches Branch of coeliac trunk -> Gastroduodenal artery -> (pancreaticodunal arteries) Superior mesenteric
78
NERVE supply to the pancreas
PNS -> vagus nerve -> posterior vagal trunk via coeliac plexus SNS-> T6-T10 -> thoracic (greater/lesser) splanchnic nerves - via Coeliac plexus PNS - posterior vagal trunk via celiac branch SNS - T6-T10 thoracic splanchnic nerves via celiac plexus
79
lymphatic drainage of pancreas
They empty into the pancreaticosplenal nodes and the pyloric nodes, which in turn drain into the superior mesenteric (L1) and coeliac lymph nodes. (T12)
80
what can be done for main management in pancreatic cancer
A coeliac plexus block can be done for conservative management of these symptoms.
81
how is the spleen peritonised
intra-peritoneal
82
where is the spleen located
left hypochrondria region
83
The tail of which organ is closely related to hilum of the spleen?
PANCREAS TAIL only part of pancreas that is intraperitoneal
84
Functions of the spleen:
1. Storage of RBC’s 2. Blood filter 3. Immune response 4. Phagocytosis
85
INNERVATION OF THE SPLEEN
SNS -> celiac plexus. PNS-> vagus nerve (CN X).
86
DRAINAGE OF SPLEEN
PRE AORTIC COELIAC LYMPH NODES
87
there are no arterial anastomoses in the spleen A. TRUE B, FALSE
A, TRUE These arterial branches do not anastomose with each other – giving rise to vascular segments of the spleen. This enables a surgeon to remove one of these segments without affecting the others (a procedure known as a subtotal splenectomy).
88
a
linea alba
89
b
tendinous intersections
90
c
rectus abdominus T7-T12 innervation
91
d
ASIS
92
E
inguinal groove
93
f
pubic symphysis
94
i
semi-lunar valves
95
j
umbilicous t10
96
k
location of inguina ligament
97
What level/where is tranpyloric plane found?
L1 (midpoint between jugular notch and pubic symphysis)
98
where is subcostal plane found?
L3 joining the lowest parts of the sub-costal margins
99
Transtubercular plane - where is it found?
L5 joining the highest parts of the iliac crest
100
# Liver surface markings a
- Right midclavicular line - 5th costal cartilage
101
# liver surface markings b
midline junction of body of sternum and xiphisternum
102
c ## Footnote liver position
right midaxillary line RIGHT SIDE 7th rib
103
d ## Footnote surface markings of livr
inferior margin - 1cm below the costal margin
104
inferior margin of the liver?
1cm below the costal margin on RIGHT SIDE
105
superior margin of the liver?
RIGHT midclavicular line 5th costal cartilage
106
medial margin of liver?
midline of body junction of sternum body/xiphisternum
107
lateral margin of the liver surface anatomy
right midaxillary line 7th rib
108
surface marking of gall-bladder
midclavicular line - RIGHT SIDE 9th costal cartilage
109
Surface markings of the spleen
parallel to 9-11th ribs anteriorly - mid-axillary line posterior - 4cm lateral to middle of the back
110
surface markings of cardiac orifice
Left 6th costal cartilage
111
surface markings of pyloric orifice
transpyloric plane (L2) 1.25cm left of the midline
112
fundus of the stomach surface markings
5th rib Left midclavicular line
113
surface markings of the neck of the pancreas
L1/L2 veretebrae in the transpyloric plane
114
what is mcburneys point
draw line from ASIS to Umbilicous divide into 3 parts junction of medial 2/3 and lateral 1/3 is mcburneys point point on the lower right quadrant of the abdomen at -> which tenderness is maximal in cases of acute appendicitis.
115
base of appendix surface marking
mcburneys point (line ASIS -> umblicous) junction between medial 2/3 and lateral 1/3
116
What features of the kidney are on the transpyloric plane
hilum/hila of kidneys transpyloric plane is a L1 - superior pole of right kidney - change level during respiration by 2-3cm
Anatomy Year 2 Term 1
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