Anatomy Year 2 Term 1 > GI workbook 2 > Flashcards

GI workbook 2 Flashcards

(100 cards)

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1
Q

origin of esophagus

A

inferior border of the cricoid cartilage (C6)

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2
Q

what level does the oesophagus extend to?

A

cardiac orifice of the stomach (T11).

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3
Q

which arteries supply the adominal aorta?

A

left gastric artery

left inferior phrenic artery

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4
Q

what is the venous drainage of the esophagus

A

Left gastric vein (portal circulation)

Azygous vein (systemic circulation)

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5
Q

lymphatic drainage of abdominal oesophagus

A

left gastric and celiac nodes.

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6
Q

4 anatomical constrictures of the oesophagus

A

ABCD!!

Arch of aorta
Bronchus (left main stem)
Cricoid cartilage
Diaphragmatic hiatus

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7
Q

A

A

THE STOMACH

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8
Q
A

pylorus

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9
Q

b

A

esophago-gastric junction

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10
Q

curvature called?

A

greater curvature

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11
Q

what region

A

pyloric antrum

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12
Q

what region

A

fundus

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13
Q

a

A

fundus

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14
Q

b

A

corpus - body

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15
Q

c

A

pylorus

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16
Q

e

A

lesser curvature

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17
Q

f

A

greater curvature

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18
Q

a

A

Cardia – surrounds the superior opening of the stomach at the T11 level.

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19
Q

d

A

pyloric sphincter

formed by the thickening of the Muscularis externa

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20
Q

What are the gastric folds/rugae formed from?

A

mucosa/submucosa layers

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21
Q

Name the three branches of the coeliac trunk

A

splenic artery
common hepatic artery, left gastric artery.

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22
Q

Forgut structures

A

PLSSS -E 657
Pancreas
Liver + gallbladder
Stomach
Spleen
Small intestine -Duodeun

Eoseophagus

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23
Q

a

b

A

celiac trunk

aorta

T12

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24
Q

a

A

left gastric artery (goes straight up)

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25
b
Celiac trunk
26
c
abominal aorta
27
f
common hepatic artery
28
e
Branches of the celiac trunk go to diaphragm
29
g
Splenic artery
30
a
Splenic artery
31
b
Common hepatic artry
32
c
Left gastric artery
33
d
Celiac trunk
34
e
Spleen
35
a
Common hepatic artery (branch of the celiac trunk)
36
b
Hepatic artery proper (branch of common hepatic artery)
37
c
Gastro-duodenal artery (branch of common hepatic artery)
38
a
hepatic artery proper (branch of common hepatic artery)
39
b
Common bile duct
40
c
Hepatic portal vein
41
a
Proper hepatic artery (gives off left and right branches which enter the porta hepatis)
42
b
Hepatic portal vein
43
a
Hepatic artery proper (gives off left and right branches)
44
b
hepatic portal vein
45
a
right gastric artery (branch of proper hepatic artery)
46
b
gastro-duodenal artery (branch of common hepatic)
47
c
pancreatico-duodenal artery (branch of gastro-duodenal) supplies duodenum/spleen
48
d
right gastro-epiploic (branch of gastro-duodenal -> common hepatic -> celiac)
49
a
right gastro-epiploic (branch of gastro-duodenal artery)
50
b
left gastro epiploic (branch of the splenic artery)
51
a
right gastric artery (branch of proper hepatic artery)
52
b
Left gastric artery (directly from celiac trunk)
53
a
Left gastric artry (directly from celiac trunk)
54
b
Splenic artery (directly from celiac trunk)
55
c
Left gastric - epiploic (omental) artery (branch of the spleen)
56
d
Right gastric epiploic (omental) branch of the gastro-duodenal artery -> common hepatic -> celiac trunk
57
e
right gastric artery (branch of proper hepatic artery)
58
lymphatic drainage of stomach
gastri and gastro omental lymph nodes **-> Coeliac lymph nodes**
59
Parasympathetic nerve supply to stomach
anterior and posterior vagal trunks, -> derived from the **vagus nerve.**
60
sympathetic nerve supply to stomach
**T6-T9** spinal cord segments and passes to the coeliac plexus via the coeliac plexus -> **greater splanchnic nerve.**
61
sympathetic nerve supply to stomach
T6-T9 spinal cord segments and passes to the coeliac plexus via the coeliac plexus -> **greater splanchnic nerve.**
62
vagus nerve effect on pylorus of stomach
significantly accelerated gastric emptying by promoting the relaxation of the pyloric sphincter.
63
There is a small opening in the duodenum where pancreatic and bile fluids enter the gut tube. What is this opening called?
Major duodenal papilla
64
● What is the sphincter that controls the opening called?
sphincter of ODDI
65
??
Bare area = no peritoneum and therefore liver is in direct contact with diaphragm
66
What two structures come together at this opening? (to form hepatopancreatic ampulla – ampulla of Vater)
o Common bile duct o Pancreatic duct
67
a
Jejunum - longer vasa recta (straight arteries) - fewer but larger loops (arcades) - thicker wall - red colour - upper left quadrant
68
a,b, c
A. Duodenum B. Jejunum C. Ileum
69
b
ileum - shorta vasa recta (the straight arteries) - more arcades (circular loops) - pink in colour - thinner intestinal wall - lower right quadrant
70
label parts of duodenum and whether they are intra/retro-peritoneal
a. superior (intraperitoneal) - connected to liver by hepato-duodenal liagment (the rest is retropertioneal) b. descending c. inferior d. ascending
71
a
Left gastric vein (drains to Hepatic portal vein)
72
C.
Right gastric vein (drains to hepatic portal vein)
73
b
left gastric epiploic/omental vein (drains into splenic vein -> HPV)
74
d
right gastro epiploic/omental vein (drains to superior mesenteric vein -> HPV)
75
f
inferior mesenteric vein drains into (splenic vein- > HPV)
76
g
superior mesenteric vein (-> HPV)
77
h
left colic vein (-> drains into inferior mesenteric vein)
78
i/j
i-middle colic vein j- right colic vein drain into superior mesenteric vein
79
k
cystic vein (drains into HPV)
80
a
Hepatic artery
81
b
right gastric artery branch of proper hepatic artery
82
c
right gastric epiploic/omental (gastroduodenal artery)
83
d
splenic artery
84
e
left gastric artery
85
f.
left gastric epiploic artery/omental
86
ileum v jejunum
ileum - thiner walled - less vascular - narrower - more fat between layers
87
how are the jejunum and ileum attached TO posterior abdominal wall? (A)
mesentry (peritoneal sheet) - carries blood vessels - nerves - lymphatics
88
proximal or distal jejuno-ileum?
distal - many arcades (circular loops)
89
proximal or distal jejuno-ileum?
proximal - single arcade - large loops)
90
arrow? what valve is located here
where ileum joins cecum ileocecal valve
91
jejunum v ileum colour
jejunum - red ileum - pink
92
jejunum v ileum wall
jejunum - thick/heavy ileum - light/thin
93
difference in arteries jejunum v ileum
jejunum - is more vascular, longer/stragihter vasa recta, but less arcades (large loops) ileum - less vascular - short vasa recta - lots of arcades/loops
94
95
lymhoid tissue in jejunum v ileum
jejunum - small amount ileum - Peyers patches (numerous amount)
96
jejunum v ileum - fat in mesentry
jejunum - less fat ileum - more fat
97
Which major blood vessel supplies the jejunum and ileum?
superior mesenteric artery -L1
98
Where do the veins surrounding the jejunum and ileum drain to?
superior mesenteric vein
99
Which set of lymph nodes does lymph drain the small intestine
pancreatoduodenal + superior mesenteric nodes (duodenum) superior mesenteric nodes (jejunum and ileum)
100
Where is pain felt if issue is within the small intestine?
Umbilical region (superior mesenteric plexus) - lesser/least splanhnic nerves (T10-T12) - SNS - PNS - vagus nerve
Anatomy Year 2 Term 1
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