development
the ways in which a country seeks to makeprogress economically and to improve the standard of living for its inhabitants
economic indicators
- GNI per capita
- economic sector
GNI per capita
good measure of development as the value can be representative of investment PPP(purchasing power parity)
eg Switzerland $85000
eg Burundi $231
economic sector
the clark-fisher model shows the percentage of employment in the 4 job sectors over pre-industrial, industrial and post industrial periods
social indicators
- human development index HDI
- gender equality index GII
HDI
composite indicator (combination of different factors)
- economy, GNI per capita
- education, mean years of school
- health, life expectance
GII
- composite indicator
- gender equality is the UN’s fith sustainability goal
- 750 million girls married before aged 18
environmental indicators
air quality index
air quality index
Kuznet’s curve
identifying the development gap
- Rostows model of development
- frank’s dependancy theory
- the development cable
the development gap
social and economic difference or disparity between the wealthy and the poor
switzerland HDI vs Burundi HDI
s=0.850
b=0.285
china GNI per capita
12k
Brazil mean years of schooling vs UK
b=3.7
uk=13.6
the lorenz curve
represents the distribution of income and expresses the relationship between comulative percentag eof households and comulative percentage of income
the more bowed the lorenz curve is …
the more unequal the distribution of income (more inequality)
the gini coefficient
measurement of the degree of inequality in the income distribution
a gini coefficient of 0 is complete income equality but one of 1 means income inequality
