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Integumentary system Flashcards

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1
Q

SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythe

A

Chronic autoimmune disease that can affect skin, joints, and organs; may cause butterfly-shaped rash on the face, fatigue, and joint pain

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2
Q

What acute inflammatory disorder is characterized by a rash and highly painful vesicular eruptions on the trunk and face of the body?

A

Herpes zoster(shingles)

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3
Q

Lupus erythematosus

A

is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease that affects multiple organ systems, including the kidneys, joints, and muscles

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4
Q

What is a papule?

A

A solid elevation of less than .5 cm in diameter and has distinct borders

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5
Q

What is a bulla?

A

A large fluid filled vesicle greater than .5 cm

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6
Q

What are the characteristics of a tumor?

A

A solid mass larger than 1 cm A large nodule and may be firm or soft

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7
Q

What are secondary lesions?

A

Secondary lesions are lesions that evolve from primary lesions

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8
Q

What is benzoyl peroxide?

A

A topical meditation for acne

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9
Q

What are cold sores?

A

Painful ulcers along the gum lines of the mouth or lips caused by viruses

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10
Q

What are benign tumors?

A

Non-cancerous tumors that do not show a symmetry or border irregularity

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11
Q

What are malignant tumors characterized by?

A

Cancerous tumors characterized by uncontrolled cell growth, invasion of surrounding tissues, and the ability to metastasize to distant parts of the body.

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12
Q

RAST test

A

Blood test that detects allergies by measuring allergen-specific antibodies (IgE).

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13
Q

What is an excision biopsy?

A

Removal of the entire lesion for examination and analysis

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14
Q

What is a punch biopsy?

A

Removal of a small section from the lesion for analysis

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15
Q

What is a shave biopsy?

A

Cutting or shaving off a lesion or growth above the baseline using a scalpel

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16
Q

What chronic inflammation produces red lesions covered with silvery scales?

A

Psoriasis

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17
Q

What is a pustule?

A

A pustule is a vesicle with white cellular debris; it may be sterile or infected

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18
Q

Why do scar tissues form?

A

They formed due to excess collagen production after injury

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19
Q

Whats shingles?

A

An acute inflammatory disorder caused by a virus. Characterized by painful blistering rash on the trunk of the body and occasionally on the face.

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20
Q

What is an autoimmune disorder that includes a butterfly rash on the face?

A

Systemic lupus erythematosus

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21
Q

What system classifies the extent of burns based on the % of affected body surfaces?

A

Rule of nines

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22
Q

Metastisis

A

The spread of cancer cells from the primary tumor to distant organs or tissues through the blood or lymphatic system.

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23
Q

Regional spread

A

Cancer has extended into surrounding nearby tissues from the primary tumor but has not spread to lymph nodes or distant organs.

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24
Q

Local invasion

A

The direct spread of a tumor into surrounding nearby tissues from the primary tumor site.

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25
What is cellulitis?
An acute bacterial infection that involves the subcutaneous tissue and manifest as redness, tenderness, swelling, and warmth the site. Treated by antibiotics
26
What is pediculosis? And what does it caused by?
Infection Caused by lice
27
What is mild seborrheic dermatitis on the scalp characterized by and treatment?
dandruff, flaky scalp, can be dry or oily. Treated by shampoo 
28
What is contact dermatitis? What treats it?
An acute inflammatory skin disorder it can be due to touching irritants or allergies. Oral corticosteroids
29
What is carcinoma in situ?
Early stage cancer, hasn't spread yet
30
Seborrheic keratosis
Benign, slightly raised, tan to black lesions
31
Seborrheic dermatitis
chronic inflammatory skin condition that causes red skin with greasy, yellowish or white flaky scales.
32
Cradle cap
Seborrheic dermatitis on the scalp of infants is referred to as cradle cap
33
What is laser resurfacing (photothermolysis)?
Laser resurfacing is an appearance, modification procedure that is effective in the treatment of fine lines and wrinkles
34
What layer of the skin is the epidermis?
Outermost layer of the skin
35
What layer is the dermis?
Middle
36
What is contained in the dermis?
Blood vessels, nerves, glands, hair follicles
37
Where are hair follicles what layer?
The dermis
38
What are sudoriferous glands?
Sweat glands
39
Where are sweat and oil glands?
The dermis
40
What is the structure and function of the labia majors and minora?
Folds of skin protecting external genital organs Protects the vaginal opening and clitoris
41
What is a protein that forms the outmost layer of the skin and functions as a waterproof protective barrier?
Keratin
42
What skin layer are melanocytes in and what do they produce?
The epidermis, melanin
43
What two types of fiber are in the dermis?
Collagen and tin
44
What does collagen do in the skin?
Prevents the skin from tearing
45
What does elastin produce in the skin? And what layer of the skin is it in
Protein in the dermis that allows skin to stretch and return to its original shape, providing elasticity.
46
What are sebaceous glands?
Glands that produce oils
47
What are the lymph vessels? And what layer of the skin are they in?
Tubes that carry lymph around the body and they are in the dermis
48
What is a macule?
A flat area of color change and a non-palpable skin lesion
49
What is a nodule?
A firm and movable solid elevation .5 to 1 cm in diameter and extends deeper into the dermis than a papule
50
What is a vesicle on the skin?
A small raised blister that contains clear fluid inside or under the epidermis
51
What is a plaque? Where is it found?
A plaque is a solid elevated flat top lesion with distinct borders It is found on the skin
52
What are scales on the skin?
Thin flaking layers of epidermis
53
 what are crusts on the skin? crusts on the skin?
A dried exudate on the skin
54
What are fissures?
A linear, wedge shaped crack, extending into the dermis
55
What are ulcerations?
An area of destruction of entire epidermis
56
What is atrophy of the skin?
A loss of some portion of the skin
57
What is impetigo? And what's its treatment?
A contagious bacterial skin infection causing red sores that rupture and form honey-colored crusts around the nose and mouth. Antibiotics
58
What causes acne?
Occurs when hair follicles are blocked with dead skin and oil
59
What is a rosacea and its treatment?
Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that causes redness and visible blood vessels on the face, often with acne-like bumps. Treated by antibiotics
60
What is scabies
A contagious skin infestation caused by mites that burrow into the skin, producing intense itching and a rash
61
What is psoriasis?
Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune skin disorder that causes rapid skin cell growth, leading to thick, red patches covered with silvery scales.
62
What are the three types of burns?
Superficial, partial thickness, full thickness burns. Each refers to the layer of skin the burn reaches in order of least to deepest
63
1st degree burn
Affects only the epidermis; causes redness, pain, and minor swelling; usually heals without scarring.
64
3rd degree burn
Affects epidermis, dermis, and possibly subcutaneous tissue; white or charred appearance, may be painless due to nerve damage; requires medical intervention.
65
2nd degree burn
Affects epidermis and part of dermis; causes blisters, severe pain, redness, and swelling; may scar.
66
Patch test
Application of an allergen on a patch, which is in placed on the patient skin
67
Percutaneous test
Small amounts of allergen are scratched or pricked into the skin
68
Intradermal (intracutaneous) test
Extracts are injected into the intradermal layers of the skin to check for reaction
69
What is a chemical peel?
Topical agents are used to remove minor skin features such as acne scars, hyper pigmentation, and fine wrinkles
70
What is dermabrasion?
Dermabrasion is a procedure that involves a dermabrader, a handheld device that mechanically even the layers of the skin. It is used to treat scars, resulting from acne.
71
What is sebum?
The oily secretion of sebaceous glands that lubricates skin and hair.
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