Ipratropium Bromide

Question 1

What is the presentation of Ipratropium Bromide?

Answer 1

250mcg in 1mL neb.

Question 2

Outline the pharmacology and action of Ipratropium Bromide.

Answer 2

Anticholinergic bronchodilator.
Action:
1. Allows bronchodilation by inhibiting cholinergic bronchomotor tone (i.e blocks vagal reflexes which mediate bronchoconstriction).

Question 3

How is Ipratropium Bromide excreted?

*Metabolism not listed.

Answer 3

By the kidneys.

Question 4

List the PEI’s for Ipratropium Bromide.

Answer 4

1. Severe respiratory distress associated with bronchospasm.

2. Exacerbation of COPD irrespective of severity.

Question 5

List the contraindication for Ipratropium Bromide.

Answer 5

1. Known hypersensitivity to Atropine or its derivatives.

Question 6

List the precautions for Ipratropium Bromide.

Answer 6

1. Glaucoma

2. Avoid contact with the eyes.

Question 7

List the side effects of Ipratropium Bromide.

Answer 7

1. Headache
2. Nausea
3. Dry mouth
4. Skin rash
5. Tachycardia (rare)
6. Palpitations (rare)
7. Acute angle closure glaucoma secondary to direct eye contact (rare)

Question 8

List the special notes regarding Ipratropium Bromide.

Answer 8

1. There have been isolated reports of ocular complications (dilated pupils, increase IOP, acute angle glaucoma, eye pain) as a result of direct eye contact with IB.
2. Neb mask should be fitter properly to avoid IB entering eyes.
3. Must be nebulised in conjuction with Salbutamol and is single dose only.

Question 9

List the onset, peak and duration of Ipratropium Bromide.

Answer 9

O: 3 - 5mins
P: 1.5 - 2hrs
D: 6 hours