Language Development

Question 1

Language

Answer 1

Symbols used to communicate w/ others & in our thinking

Question 2

Theoretical perspective: Learning

Answer 2

• Children learn language through imitation & conditioning (reinforcement)
• Skinner – Operant conditioning
• Bandura – Learn through observation, adults speak clearer to babies, exact imitation is not needed, feedback plays a role.

Question 3

Theoretical perspective: Nativist

Answer 3

• Children are born with mechanisms that allow children to learn language QUICKLY & EASILY.
• Natural capacity
• Separate from cognitive abilities
• Noam Chomsky (linguistic)

Question 4

Functionalist view

Answer 4

• children are motivated, really want to learn

Question 5

Theoretical perspective: Interactionalist view

Answer 5

• language created socially through interaction

Question 6

Theoretical perspective: Cognitive developmental

Answer 6

• emerged in the 70’s
• cognitive abilities have a role in language
• Language is a symbolic way of thinking

Question 7

Cooing

Answer 7

• ~ 2 months
• starting to learn to use language
• beginning of conversational rules

Question 8

Reduplicated babbling

Answer 8

• ~ 6 months
• early babbling
• same sounds

Question 9

Echolalia

Answer 9

• 10-12 months

* saying back a word that sounds a like

Question 10

1st word

Answer 10

• 11-13 months

Question 11

Combined words

Answer 11

• ~18 months

* combine 2 words together

Question 12

Gestures

Answer 12

• 8-10 months

Question 13

Referential communication

Answer 13

• pointing

* labeling

Question 14

Transition to words

Answer 14

• Naming explosion (vocab. burst)
- fast mapping strategy
- @ about 6,000 words
- come up with names quickly
- pick up words
• Lexicon vocab 
- by 18 months about 50 words
- understand more words than they know.

Question 15

What is used to study speech sounds?

Answer 15

• Phonetics

* phoneme

Question 16

Phonetics

Answer 16

• Articulation

* studies the order of children’s sound development

Question 17

Phoneme

Answer 17

•sound
•a sound contrast that can change the meaning of what is said.
- e.g: duck, fuck

Question 18

receptive language

Answer 18

•ability to comprehend language

Question 19

expressive language

Answer 19

•ability to put thoughts into words & sentences

Question 20

Broca’s

Answer 20

•grammatical sentences + no meaning

Question 21

Wrinikes

Answer 21

• short ungrammatical sentences

Question 22

Fast mapping

Answer 22

fast mapping children’s ability to connect new words to their meanings so rapidly that they cannot be considering all possible meanings for the new word

Question 23

Naming explosion

Answer 23

18 months, many children experience this during which they learn new words—particularly names of objects—much more rapidly than before