Physical Development

Question 1

Skeleton Development

Answer 1

• Soft carliges
• Malleable
• bones begin to grow in density after birth
• Fontanelles (soft spot)
• 2 year gap btwn. skeletal dev. btwn girls & boys by age 12

Question 2

Fontanelles

Answer 2

• soft spot

* goes away by age 2

Question 3

Patters of growth

Answer 3

• Cephalocaudal pattern

* Proximodistal pattern

Question 4

Cephalocaudal patter growth

Answer 4

• growth top-down

Question 5

Proximodistal Pattern

Answer 5

•growth starting from the inside and ends out

Question 6

Infancy

Answer 6

• Average weight =7.5 pounds
• Average height= 20 inches long
• 4 months= weight doubles
• 12 months weight triples

Question 7

Toddler

Answer 7

• Growth slows in the 2nd year

* by age 2 nearly 1/2 of adult height (info seen in arnold gesselle growth chart)

Question 8

Preschool

Answer 8

• growth begins to decline
• girls slightly smaller & lighter than boys
• boys have more muscle
• girls have more fatty tissue than boys

Question 9

Factors affecting physical growth

Answer 9

• nutrition
• genetics
• physical activity
• neglect

Question 10

Middle & Late childhood (6-11yrs. old)

Answer 10

• slow, consistent growth
• muscle mass increase
• body fat decrease
• improved muscle tone & strength
• continue hardening of bones
• most pronounced physical changes
• head circumference, waist & leg length decrease in relation to the body height

Question 11

Failure to thrive

Answer 11

• result of emotional neglect
• withdrawn
• weight gain, height, cognitive dev, academic performance & behavior BELOW AVERAGE