PCE > LE > Flashcards

LE Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

Angle of inclinication of the hip joint is ?

A

120-135 degrees

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2
Q

Coxa vara of the hip joint

A

105 degrees

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3
Q

Coxa valga of the hip joint

A

140 degrees

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4
Q

Angle of torsion or anteversion of the hip joint

A

8-15 degrees

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5
Q

Retroversion (toe out) degree

A

5 degrees

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6
Q

Excessive anteversion degree (toe in)

A

35 degrees

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7
Q

Capsular pattern of the hip joint

A

Flexion > abduction > IR

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8
Q

Resting packed position of hip joint is

A

Flexion > abduction > slight ER

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9
Q

What position does the LE presume if there is a hip fracture

A

Abduction & ER

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10
Q

A fracture of the femoral head commonly seen in adolescents and typically caused by obesity and endocrine disorders is known as ? Typically has an automatic position of ______ with hip flexion

A

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis / ER

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11
Q

What test can we use to diagnose hip osteoarthritis

A

Scour test

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12
Q

What is the test for iliopsoas tightness

A

Thomas test

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13
Q

What is the test for rectus femoris tightness

A

Ely’s test

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14
Q

What is the test for iliotibial band tightness

A

Ober’s test

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15
Q

What other tests can we use for hip muscles testing

A

Piriformis test

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16
Q

What tests can we use for developmental dysplasia of the hip

A

Barlow & ortolani

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17
Q

What can we use for developmental dysplasia if the infant is less than 6 months old

A

Pavlik Harness

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18
Q

What can we use for developmental dysplasia if the infant that is 6-24 months old

A

Hip spica cast

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19
Q

Avascular necrosis of the femoral head affecting children from ages 2 to 14, what is this disease called

A

LEGG calve perthes disease

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20
Q

Signs & symptoms of LEGG calves perthes disease

A
  • flattening of the top of the femoral head (osteonecrosis)
  • trendelburg sign
  • antalgic gate
  • limited ROM in hip abduction and IR
  • pain with activity
  • limping / dragging of the leg
  • atrophy of thigh muscles
  • out toeing
  • aching in the groin and medial thigh
  • contracture in hip flexion & adduction
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21
Q

What can we use for LEGG calves perthes disease

A

Petrie cast (bilateral long leg hip spica cast)

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22
Q

Meniscal tear end feel

A

Springy block end feel (locking in) + giving away feel

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23
Q

IR of the tibia + varus stress examines which part of the meniscus (lateral or medial)

A

Lateral meniscus

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24
Q

ER of the tibia + Valgus stress examines which part of the meniscus (lateral or medial)

Study These Flashcards
A

Medial meniscus

25
Meniscus tear special tests
McMurrays Apleys Thessaly Bounce home
26
Apleys tests is used for what exactly
To differentiate between ligament and meniscus tears
27
How can we differentiate between ligament and meniscus tear in the apley test
Rotation + distraction > ligament Rotation + compression > meniscus
28
The unhappy triad also known as blown knee is an injury to what structures ? And what is the mechanism of injury ?
ACL, MCL, meniscus / lateral force to the knee when the foot is fixed on the ground (valgus, abduction, rotational stress on the knee)
29
ACL special tests
Anterior drawer test Lachman test Pivot shift test
30
Mechanism of injury of PCL ligament and result
1. Direct blow to the anterior aspect of the prox tibia on a flexed knee (dashboard injury) / genu recurvatum 2. Falling on a fully flexed knee (with ankle PF) 3. Axial rotation or valgus-varus pressure 4. Severe hyperextension
31
PCL special tests
Posterior drawer test Posterior sag sign
32
MCL function and mechanism of injury
Resists forces from the outer surface of the knee (valgus forces) + lateral rotation of tibia / valgus force with or without rotation
33
MCL & LCL special tests
Valgus stress test > MCL Varus stress test > LCL
34
LCL function
Stabilizes lateral side of knee (Varus stress and posterolateral tibial rotation)
35
LCL mechanism of injury (barely injured alone typically ACL, PCL, and posterolateral corner have additional damage along with LCL)
- direct blow to anteriomedial knee & posterolateral corner - non contact hyperextension - non contact varus stress
36
Postural deformities seen with PFPS
- lumbar hyperextension - pelvic unleveling / APT - femur & tibia IR - knee valgus stress - glutes medius weakness - lateral patellar displacement - foot pronation
37
PFPS special tests
McConnell test & Clarke sign
38
Signs & symptoms of Fat pad impingement syndrome + intervention ?
Pain with knee extension + camel sign / high shoe to correct hyperextension deformity + knee straightening exercises
39
Intervention for Osgood Schlatter disease
- limit sports activities for 6-8 weeks (1st intervention) - gentle stretching quads and hamstrings but strengthening vastus medialis - decreased patellar loading with taping and bracing
40
Patellar tendinopathy (jumpers knee) is characterized by
Pain localized to the inferior pole of the patella and load related pain increases with demand on knee extensors
41
Special test for iliotibial band friction syndrome
Noble compression test
42
Lateral side of the ankle ligaments and their mechanism of injury
PF + inversion > ATFL > CFL > PTFL neutral + inversion > CFL inversion + DF > PTFL
43
Special tests for high ankle sprain
DF ER stress tests (kleiger test) + squeeze test
44
What special test can we use for Achilles rupture and what is its hallmark sign
Thompson test (PF)
45
What is the intervention for Achilles tendinopathy
Eccentric exercises for plantar flexors (heel drops) + unloading and progressive reloading (increasing and decreasing the heel height)
46
A posterior glide of the hip joint increases
Flexion & IR
47
An anterior glide of the hip joint increase
Extension & ER
48
An inferior glide of the hip joint increase
Abduction
49
ACL mechanism of injury
1. Valgus force 2. Axial rotation 3. Severe hyperextension 4. Combination of all
50
Clubfoot intervention
Manipulation Taping Stretching Casting KAFO & AFO Dennis brown bars with boots Custom foot orthosis (Might need surgery if not flexible type)
51
Extensor digitorum longus function
Extends the MTP and IP joints (2nd to 5th digits) + DF & eversion of foot
52
Extensor digitorum brevis function
Extension of MTP & IP joints (2nd to 4th toes)
53
Peroneus tertius function
DF + eversion of foot
54
Tibialis anterior function
DF & inversion
55
Tibialis posterior function
Inversion & PF
56
Peroneus longus & brevis function
Eversion + PF
57
Soleus functions
PF
58
Gastrocnemius & Plantaris function
PF ankle + flex Knee
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