Pulmonary

Question 1

Table is flat, patient leans back on pillows at 30 degree angel (almost sitting), this drains which segment

Answer 1

Upper lobes (apical segment)

Question 2

Patient is sitting leaning against folded pillow at 30 degree angle this drains which segment

Answer 2

Upper lobes (posterior segment)

Question 3

Patient lies completely flat (supine) on flat bed with pillow under knees this drains which segment

Answer 3

Upper lobe (anterior segment)

Question 4

Patient lies head down on the right side lying and rotates 1/4 backward, pillow places behind shoulder and hip and knees slightly flexed on an elevated bed at 16in. This drains which segments

Answer 4

Left / Upper lobe (lingular segment) or middle lobe (same positioning)

Question 5

Bed is elevated 20in. Patient lies on their side head down and pillow btw. The knees which segment is drained in this position

Answer 5

Lower lobe (anterior basal segment)

Question 6

Bed is elevated 20in. The patient is on their abdomen head down and a pillow under their hips which segment is drained in this position

Answer 6

Lower lobes (posterior basal segments)

Question 7

Bed is elevated 20in. Patient lies on their abdomen head down and rotates 1/4 upward the upper leg is flexed over a pillow for extra support which segment is drained in this position

Answer 7

Lower lobes (lateral basal segment)

Question 8

Flat bed, patients lies prone with pillow under hip which segment is drained

Answer 8

Superior segment of the lower lobe

Question 9

Having a lower resting position of the diaphragm (decreases or increases) the inspiratory reserve ? The more upright the position of the body the (higher or lower) the position of the diaphragm and the (higher or lower) the inspiratory capacity ? The more supine the position the more advantageous for the diaphragm position

Answer 9

Decreases
Lower / Lower

Question 10

The phrenic nerve supplies the diaphragm, where does it originate from

Answer 10

C3,4,5

Question 11

Collection of air in the pleural cavity which leads to compression of lung tissue, this is called ?

Answer 11

Pneumothorax

Question 12

Types of pneumothorax

Answer 12

• traumatic
• spontaneous
• tension

Question 13

Chronic bronchitis chest radiograph, percussion, auscultation ?

Answer 13

White haziness (blackness over air trap areas)
Hyperesonant over air trap areas
Coarse crackles / wheezes

Question 14

Emphysema chest radiograph, percussion, auscultation ?

Answer 14

• Blackness in air trap areas, flattened ribs and diaphragm, decrease in lung attenuation
• hyperesonant over air trap areas
• fine crackles

Question 15

Bronchioctasis chest radiograph, percussion, auscultation ?

Answer 15

Increased bronchial markings
Hyperesonant
Coarse crackles / wheezes

Question 16

Asthma chest radiograph, percussion, auscultation ?

Answer 16

Hyperlucency
Hyperesonant over air trap areas
Wheezes

Question 17

Atelectasis chest radiograph, percussion, auscultation ?

Answer 17

Increased density
Dull
Fine crackles

Question 18

Pulmonary fibrosis percussion, auscultation ?

Answer 18

Dull / fine crackles

Question 19

Pleural effusion chest radiograph, percussion, auscultation ?

Answer 19

Fluid in pleural space (white)
Dull
Pleural friction rub

Question 20

Pneumothorax chest radiograph, percussion, auscultation ?

Answer 20

Hyperlucent / flattened diaphragm
Hyperesonant
Decreased breath sounds

Question 21

An acute inflammatory process of the lung parenchyma beginnings in the lower respiratory tract and then the alveoli of one or both lungs fill up with pus or fluid. What is this called

Answer 21

Pneumonia

Question 22

What is the most common cause of lung consolidation (dead cells / debris build up creating puss and fills up the small airways)

Answer 22

Pneumonia

Question 23

Pneumonia chest radiograph, percussion, auscultation ?

Answer 23

• opacities surrounding the alveoli + air bronchograms
• dull
• Bronchial breath sounds or coarse inspiratory crackles over affected area

Question 24

Acute respiratory distress syndrome chest radiograph, percussion, auscultation ?

Answer 24

Patchy infiltrates in lung peripherals
Dull
Inspiratory crackles / diffuse wheeze

Question 25

A type of respiratory failure characterized by rapid widespread inflammation in the lungs when fluid fills up the air sacs of the lungs and this fluid can lower oxygen or increase carbon in the bloodstream and eventually cause organ failure. What is this

Answer 25

Acute respiratory distress syndrome

Question 26

What index can we use to predict mortality for COPD

Answer 26

BODE index B= BMI O= obstruction of airflow D= dyspnea E=exercise capacity (6min walk test) • the higher the score the higher the mortality risk

Question 27

Disease causing difficulty expanding lungs & decreased lung volumes due chest wall abnormalities, alveolar & parenchymal diseases, and NM problems. This is most likely

Answer 27

Restrictive lung disease

Question 28

What can we see in xray imaging when examining fibrosis

Answer 28

- reticular / interstitial pattern - traction bronchiesctasis - decrease in lung volume - honeycombing

Question 29

Loud continuous sound over upper airway indicating upper airway obstruction

Answer 29

Strider

Question 30

Lung condition defined by severe lung injury characterized by increased permeability of alveolar-capillary membrane and severe hypoxemia, also known as wet lung, shock lung, and hyaline membrane disease. What is this lung condition

Answer 30

ARDS