PCE > PNI > Flashcards

PNI Flashcards

(49 cards)

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1
Q

UE main nerves prone to PNI

A
  1. Musculocutaneous
  2. Axillary
  3. Radial
  4. Median
  5. Ulnar
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2
Q

What muscles are innervated by the musculocutaenous nerve ?

A

Coracobrachialis, biceps brachii, brachialis

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3
Q

What areas of sensation by musculocutaneous nerve

A

Anterolateral forearm (by lateral cutaneous nerve)

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4
Q

Injury to the musculocutaenous nerve causes what

A

Inability to flex forearm while supinated + difficulty supinating forearm

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5
Q

Axillary nerve innervates which muscles

A

Deltoid and Teres minor

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6
Q

What are the areas of sensation innervated by the axillary nerve

A

Lateral arm (lower deltoid, upper triceps)

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7
Q

Injury to the axillary nerve causes what

A

Square shoulder due to deltoid atrophy

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8
Q

Injury to the axillary nerve causes what

A

Square shoulder due to deltoid atrophy

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9
Q

What muscles does the radial nerve innervates ?

A
  • triceps
  • anconeous
  • brachioradialis
  • supinator
  • extensor carpi radialis (longus & brevis)
  • extensor carpi ulnaris
  • extensor digiti minimi
  • extensor indicis
  • abductor pollicis longus
  • extensor pollicis brevis
  • extensor policies longus
  • extensor digitorum
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10
Q

What area of sensation is innervated by radial nerve

A

Posterior arm & forearm, half of lateral arm, radial side of forearm and hand (including first 2 digits “thumb being one”)

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11
Q

What happens when there is an injury to the radial nerve ?

A

Inability to extend elbow, wrist, and fingers + weak supination + inability to form grip fist + wrist drop

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12
Q

What orthosis can we use for radial nerve injury

A

Outrigger Splint

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13
Q

What muscles does the median nerve innervate

A
  • pronator Teres
  • pronator quadratus
  • flexor digitorum profundus and superficialis
  • flexor carpi radialis
  • flexor pollicis brevis & longus
  • abductor pollicis brevis
  • opponens pollicies
  • lumbricals 1 & 2
  • palmaris longus
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14
Q

Sensory area for median nerve innervation

A

Palmar side of the hand (1,2,3, lateral half of 4 digits) + tips of those same digits on the dorsal side

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15
Q

How can the median nerve injury ?

A

Carpal tunnel or impingement between the two heads of the pronator Teres muscle

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16
Q

What happens when the median nerve is injured

A

Inability to flex, abduct, pronate & oppose thumb + ape hand deformity + thenar eminence atrophy

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17
Q

Orthosis for median nerve injury

A

If pronator involved: long arm splint
If not: thumb webspacer splint (avoid thumb adduction contracture)

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18
Q

Ulnar nerve innervates which muscles

A
  • flexor digiti minimi
  • abductor digiti minimi
  • opponens digiti minimi
  • flexor carpi ulnaris
  • flexor pollicis brevis
  • flexor digitorum profundus
  • interossei
  • lumbricals 4 & 5
  • adductor pollicis
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19
Q

Sensation innervated by ulnar nerve

A

4th medial and 5th digits

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20
Q

How can the ulnar nerve get injured ?

Study These Flashcards
A

Cubital tunnel at the forearm or elbow, guyon tunnel at the wrist, impingement between the two heads of the FCU

21
Q

What is caused when ulnar nerve is injured ??

Study These Flashcards
A

Inability to flex wrist and fingers, wrist ulnar deviation loss, inability to adduct thumb + claw hand deformity

22
Q

Difference between injury of proximal and distal ulnar nerve

Study These Flashcards
A

Proximal: inability to extend 4th & 5th digits
Distal: inability to flex 4th and 5th digits

23
Q

What orthosis can we use for ulnar nerve injury

Study These Flashcards
A

MP hyperextension restriction splint (4th and 5th digits placed in slight flexion to avoid extension position)

24
Q

LE main nerves prone to PNI

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Sciatic
  2. Femoral
  3. Obturator
  4. Tibial
  5. Superficial peroneal nerve
  6. Deep peroneal nerve
25
Sciatic nerve innervates which muscles
Hamstrings & adductor magnus
26
Sciatic nerve injury causes what
Knee flexion and hip adduction loss + loss of muscle function below knee
27
Femoral nerve innervates which muscles
Pectenius, iliacus, quadriceps, sartorius
28
Femoral nerve sensation over which areas
Middle anterior thigh to prox knee
29
Obturator nerve innervates which muscles
Gracilis, adductor group, Obturator externus
30
Obturator nerve innervates sensation into which area
Middle medial thigh
31
Femoral nerve injury causes
Knee extension + hip flexion dysfunction + gait and WB disturbances (knee and hip flexion during gait)
32
What orthosis can we use for femoral nerve injury
Swedish cage orthosis (prevents hyperextension of knee due to quads weakness)
33
Obturator nerve injury causes what
Lack of Adductor and rotation of the thigh
34
Tibial nerve innervates which muscles
Tibialis posterior, gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris, FHL, FDL
35
Sensation of tibial nerve
Posterolateral calf + ankle + sole
36
Injury to tibial nerve causes ?
PF of foot + inability to flex toes + gait and WB disturbances (terminal stance)
37
Orthosis for tibial nerve injury
Rocker bar assist for push off
38
Superficial peroneal nerve innervates which muscles
Peroneous longus and brevis
39
Sensation for superficial peroneal nerve
Anterolateral distal leg + ankle + dorsum of foot (minus webspace between first and second digits)
40
Injury to superficial peroneal nerve causes ?
Loss of Eversion + Varus deformity
41
Orthosis for superficial peroneal nerve
Lateral wedge insert (preventing supination and varus deformity)
42
Deep perineal nerve innervates which muscles
Tibialis anterior, peroneous tertius, EHL, EDB & EDL, 1st and 2nd interossei
43
Sensation of deep peroneal nerve
1st and 2nd digit web space (dorsum)
44
Deep peroneal nerve injury causes ?
DF loss + loss of intrinsic muscles of foot + possible equinovalgus + foot drop
45
Orthosis for deep peroneal nerve injury
DF spring assist
46
Patient difficulty with turning round doorknob and pain radiating down the back of the hand, which nerve is involved ?
Radial Nerve
47
Median nerve injury causes what ?
- weak / loss of pronation - wrist flexion & abduction - radial deviation - thumb flex, abduct, oppose - grip - flex distal phalanx of thumb & index fingers
48
Ulnar nerve injuries causes ?
- difficulty extending 2nd & distal phalanges of any fingers - adducting & abducting fingers - opposing all fingertips - adducting thumb - weak grip - weak wrist flexion - ulnar deviation (Mostly flexion issues)
49
Diminished strength in _____ & _____ would be expected due to deep peroneal nerve involvement
Extensor digitorum longus and peroneus tertius
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