Lecture 17

Question 1

What is shown in this image?

Answer 1

normal rabbit liver:
-caudate lobe is separated from the rest of the liver

Question 2

Why is it important that the caudate lobe of the rabbit liver is separate from the rest of the liver?

Answer 2

the caudate lobe is predisposed to torsion

Question 3

What is shown in this image?

Answer 3

caudate liver lobe torsion in a rabbit

Question 4

What is shown in this image?

Answer 4

necrosis surrounding the central veins in rabbit liver:
-centrilobular hepatic necrosis
-major lesion of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus

Question 5

Which type of virus is rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus?

Answer 5

calicivirus

Question 6

What is shown in this image?

Answer 6

rabbit uterine adenocarcinoma

Question 7

What are the characteristics of uterine adenocarcinoma in rabbits?

Answer 7

-most common repro. tumor in rabbits
-incidence increases with age
-mass appears red, friable, and with a cobblestone/rough surface
-prevented by spaying

Question 8

How does the appearance of uterine adenocarcinoma differ from uterine leiomyoma in rabbits?

Answer 8

adenocarcinoma: red, friable, rough/cobblestone
leiomyoma: tan-white, firm, smooth

Question 9

What is cystic endometrial hyperplasia?

Answer 9

presence of multifocal, thin-walled cysts containing colorless, watery fluid within the uterus

Question 10

What are the characteristics of Encephalitozoon cuniculi?

Answer 10

-protist infection of rabbits
-affects the brain, eyes, and kidneys most commonly

Question 11

What is the pathognomonic lesion for Encephalitozoon cuniculi?

Answer 11

disseminated, dark red, pinpoint to 2mm depressions in the renal cortical surface
-occur in areas of inflammation and tubule loss

Question 12

Which infection causes these lesions?

Answer 12

Encephalitozoon cuniculi

Question 13

Which consequence of Encephalitozoon cuniculi causes death in rabbits?

Answer 13

encephalitis (lesions not typically seen)

Question 14

What is shown in these images?

Answer 14

oral squamous cell carcinoma in hedgehogs

Question 15

What are the characteristics of squamous cell carcinoma in hedgehogs?

Answer 15

-most common neoplasm
-causes halitosis
-leads to tooth mobility and loss
-soft to hard mass with osteolysis on radiographs
-incredibly invasive; deforms affected bone
-can present as an oral ulcer

Question 16

What is shown in this image?

Answer 16

oral ulcer due to SCC in a hedgehog

Question 17

What are the characteristics of mammary fibroadenomas in rats?

Answer 17

-rats have mammary tissue all over the body
-mammary tumors in rats are generally benign and very common
-can occur in male and female rats
-can grow to be very large

Question 18

What is shown in this image?

Answer 18

rat with mammary fibroadenomas

Question 19

What are the characteristics of treatment for mammary fibroadenomas in rats?

Answer 19

-not difficult to remove; surgery
-surgical margins can be narrow since they are benign
-must be aware that more can develop

Question 20

What are the characteristics of chronic progressive nephropathy?

Answer 20

-classic lab rodent condition
-predisposed by old age, male sex, and high-protein diet

Question 21

What are the signs of chronic progressive nephropathy?

Answer 21

-small, mottled tan to pale tan kidneys
-pitted or cobblestoned surface of kidneys
-inflammation around the tubules and loss of tubules
-proteinuria
-dilated tubules/cysts

Question 22

What is shown in this image?

Answer 22

chronic progressive nephropathy in rats

Question 23

What are the characteristics of Mycoplasma pulmonis?

Answer 23

-atypical bacterium with no bacterial cell wall
-causes major respiratory disease in rats
-highly contagious and nearly impossible to clear even with treatment

Question 24

What is the major lesion of Mycoplasma pulmonis?

Answer 24

pneumonia characterized by large, dilated bronchi filled with inflammatory cells and discrete abscesses
-often a unilateral lesion

Question 25

What is shown in this image?

Answer 25

Mycoplasma pulmonis: -large, tan nodules on the right lung shown are abnormal

Question 26

What is shown in this image?

Answer 26

GDV in a guinea pig

Question 27

What are the predisposing factors for GDV in guinea pigs?

Answer 27

-stress -dietary change -grain overload

Question 28

What is shown in this image?

Answer 28

periarticular hemorrhage in guinea pigs -around the stifles in this image; can occur around any joints

Question 29

What are the characteristics of periarticular hemorrhage in guinea pigs?

Answer 29

-can occur with scurvy if guinea pigs are not supplemented with vitamin C -mostly seen as a consequence of hypovitaminosis E or selenium deficiency -white muscle disease and muscle necrosis result from hypovitaminosis E/selenium deficiency

Question 30

What is shown in this image?

Answer 30

thyroid tumor in a guinea pig

Question 31

What are the characteristics of thyroid tumors in guinea pigs?

Answer 31

-most commonly benign -often mistaken for lymph nodes -commonly have bone in them -can be functional and cause hyperthyroidism

Question 32

What are the signs of hyperthyroidism caused by thyroid tumors in guinea pigs?

Answer 32

-congestive heart failure -weight loss despite good appetite -contralateral thyroid gland is small

Question 33

What is shown in this image?

Answer 33

atrial thrombosis in hamsters

Question 34

What are the characteristics of atrial thrombosis in hamsters?

Answer 34

-predisposed to amyloid deposition in glomeruli -glomerular amyloidosis can lead to proteinuria and protein-losing nephropathy -loss of antithrombin leads to hypercoagulability and thrombi -can embolize in distal aorta like a saddle thrombus or remain in atrium

Question 35

What is shown in this image?

Answer 35

chordoma in ferret

Question 36

What are the characteristics of chordomas in ferrets?

Answer 36

-almost always at the tip of the tail -originate from remnant of the notochord -tan and firm -benign; removal is curative -can be painful but often incidental -can develop areas of necrosis and ulceration -can form cartilage or bone

Question 37

What is shown in this image?

Answer 37

prostatitis with area of rupture in ferret

Question 38

What are the characteristics of prostatitis and prostatic cysts in ferrets?

Answer 38

-adrenal disease predisposes to cysts -estrogen from functional adrenal tumors causes squamous metaplasia of prostate

Question 39

What is shown in this image?

Answer 39

disseminated idiopathic myofasciitis in ferrets; affecting the esophagus

Question 40

What are the characteristics of disseminated idiopathic myofasciitis?

Answer 40

-seen in young ferrets; mean of 10 months -esophagus, skeletal muscle, and body wall muscle is severely effected -idiopathic inflammatory disease targeting muscle -can have esophageal dysphagia and regurgitation -skeletal muscle is inflamed and atrophies but there is no necrosis; CK and AST remain normal -often present with neutrophilia

Question 41

What is shown in this image?

Answer 41

ferret systemic coronavirus at the bottom; upper intestine is normal

Question 42

What are the characteristics of ferret systemic coronavirus?

Answer 42

-mutated enteric coronavirus causing pyogranulomatous inflammation around vessels -similar lesions to feline infectious peritonitis -nearly always fatal

Question 43

What are the lesions seen in ferret systemic coronavirus?

Answer 43

-peritoneal or pleural effusion -pyogranulomatous interstitial pneumonia -interstitial nephritis -mesenteric lymphadenitis