Why is sport injury prevention important (simplified)
Allowing benefits of sports to outweigh risk of injury
What percentage of youth seek medical support for sports injuries?
33%
What percentage is lower extremity?
60%
What percentage is concussions?
20%
What percentage of injuries are concussions in hockey and rugby?
Over 50%
What sports have the highest burden of injruy?
Hockey, basketball, soccer
What percentage of sport injuries affect adolescents and young adults?
32%
What type of sport accounts for 44% of hospital treated injuries?
Team ball sports
What are the consequences of sport injuries?
All the benefits of sports are lost (consequences are opposite of benefits)
What is the 4 step sequence of injury prevention RESEARCH (Van Mechelen’s Model)
- Establish extent of problem
- Find mechanisms/risk factors (cause)
- Preventative measures
- Effectiveness of intervention
Mechanisms
What is the key to injury prevention?
Observing and recognising patterns of injury mechanisms
What are modifiable risk factors?
Areas you can train and change
Examples of modifiable risk factors
Balance, flexibility, strength, aerobic fitness, training load
Examples of athlete intrinsic risk factors
Anything to do with physical characteristics (including injury history), psychological/psychosocial characteristics, willingness to take risk, experience of sport
Examples of environmental extrinsic risk factors
Type and condition of playing surface, weather conditions, time of day, time of season
What are non-modifiable risk factors?
You cannot help, train, or change them
Levels of injury prevention
Primary (reduce occurrence) , secondary (early diagnosis), tertiary (minimize consequences)
What are the 3 evidence based sport injury prevention strategies?
Training strategies, rule modification, equipment
What is the most used strategy in sport injury prevention STUDIES
Training programs to improve fitness/movement quality
What does NMT stand for?
Neuromuscular training
What is NMT?
Enhance the control, stability, and technique of movements, as well as skills, strength, power and speed
What are the key components of NMT?
Balance and proprioception, plyometrics, strength and stability, agility and coordination, acceleration and deceleration, reactive perturbation
What are the aims of NMT?
Improve neuromuscular control/joint stability and skills/technique, enhance performance, reduce risk of injury
What are the percentages that prove injury prevention works?
Reduces:
Lower limb by 19%
Ankle sprains by 39%
ACL injuries by 61%
