Loop diuretics

Question 1

Examples

Answer 1

• Furosemide, bumetanide

Question 2

Mechanism

Answer 2

• Competitive inhibits NKCC2 in ascending LOH -> Stop sodium & potassium diffusion into the medulla -> Less water leaves at the descending LOH -> Polyuria

Question 3

Indications

Answer 3

• Resistant HTN, CHF, Pulmonary oedema

Question 4

SE

Answer 4

Common: Postural hypotension, GI disturbance

• Hypokalaemia, hyponatraemia (short term)
• Hypomagnesia, hypocalcaemia (long term)

Important: Hyperglycaemia, hyperuricaemia (gout)

Question 5

Contraindications

Answer 5

• Hepatic encephalopathy - increase conc
• Hypokalaemia, hyponatraemia
• Hypovolaemia